科创中国

目的 分析肝小静脉闭塞病的临床特点、影像表现和诊治经验.方法 回顾性分析2005年1月~2011年1月我院收治的5例肝小静脉闭塞病患者的临床资料.结果 根据临床及病理学资料,将肝小静脉闭塞病分为急性期(1例)、亚急性期(1例)和慢性期(3例).CT平扫检查均发现肝脏肿大,肝实质密度降低.彩色B超检查均发现肝静脉变细,血流变缓;4例患者存在腹水.行门-体分流术3例,其中好转2例,死亡1例.行内科保守治疗2例,其中1例治愈,1例好转.结论 肝小静脉闭塞病临床表现以肝脏肿大和腹水为特征.影像学检查对肝小静脉闭塞病诊断有重要价值.急性期患者宜采取内科保守治疗,若出现门脉高压症状时,应行门-体分流术治疗.

The large and complex structures are divided into hundreds of thousands or millions degrees of freedom(DOF) when they are calculated which will spend a lot of time and the efficiency will be extremely low. The classical component modal synthesis method(CMSM) are used extensively, but for many structures in the engineering of high-rise buildings, aerospace systemic engineerings, marine oil platforms etc, a large amount of calculation is still needed. An improved hybrid interface substructural component modal synthesis method(HISCMSM) is proposed. The parametric model of the mistuned blisk is built by the improved HISCMSM. The double coordinating conditions of the displacement and the force are introduced to ensure the computational accuracy. Compared with the overall structure finite element model method(FEMM), the computational time is shortened by 23.86%–31.56% and the modal deviation is 0.002%–0.157% which meets the requirement of the computational accuracy. It is faster 4.46%–10.57% than the classical HISCMSM. So the improved HISCMSM is better than the classical HISCMSM and the overall structure FEMM. Meanwhile, the frequency and the modal shape are researched, considering the factors including rotational speed, gas temperature and geometry size. The strong localization phenomenon of the modal shape's the maximum displacement and the maximum stress is observed in the second frequency band and it is the most sensitive in the frequency veering. But the localization phenomenon is relatively weak in 1st and the 3d frequency band. The localization of the modal shape is more serious under the condition of the geometric dimensioning mistuned. An improved HISCMSM is proposed, the computational efficiency of the mistuned blisk can be increased observably by this method.

Dual mechanical port machine(DMPM), as a novel electromechanical energy conversion device, has attracted widespread attention. DMPM with spoke type permanent magnet arrangements(STPM-DMPM), which is one of several types of DMPM, has been of interest recently. The unique coupling characteristics of STPM-DMPM are beneficial to improving system performance, but these same characteristics increase the difficulties of control. Now there has been little research about the control of STPM-DMPM, and this has hindered its practical application. Based on a mathematical model of STPM-DMPM, the coupling characteristics and the merits and demerits of such devices are analyzed as applied to a hybrid system. The control strategies for improving the disadvantages and for utilizing the advantage of coupling are researched. In order to weaken the interaction effect of torque outputs in the inner motor and the outer motor that results from coupling in STPM-DMPM, a decoupling control method based on equivalent current control is proposed, and independent torque control for the inner motor and outer motor is achieved. In order to solve address the problem of adequately utilization of coupling, minimizing the overall copper loss of the inner motor and the outer motor of STPM-DMPM is taken as the optimization objective for optimal control, and the purpose of utilizing the coupling adequately and reasonably is achieved. The verification tests of the proposed decoupling control and optimal control strategies are carried out on a prototype STPM-DMPM, and the experimental results show that the interaction effect of torque outputs in the inner motor and the outer motor can be markedly weakened through use of the control method. The overall copper loss of the inner motor and the outer motor can be markedly reduced through use of the optimal control method, while the power output remains unchanged. A breakthrough in the control problem of STPM-DMPM is accomplished by combining the control methods. Good performance in the control of STPM-DMPM will enhance its practicality, particularly as applied to hybrid systems.

目的 探讨超声和CT在喉癌患者中甲状软骨受侵时诊断的准确性.方法 对80例正常对照组及87例喉癌可疑患者术前进行甲状软骨超声检查,与CT显示、手术结果进行对照分析.结果 超声对甲状软骨显示良好,本组74例喉癌患者甲状软骨受侵15例.在判断甲状软骨受侵时超声成像灵敏度要优于CT检查(P<0.05).结论 超声能够在喉癌患者中判断甲状软骨是否受侵及受侵情况,可为临床选择治疗方案、制定手术方式提供重要的依据.

目的通过分析磁共振T1WI-SPIR序列半月板撕裂的征象并与关节镜结果对比以探讨其在半月板撕裂诊断中的临床应用价值.方法回顾性分析45例经关节镜证实的半月板撕裂病人T1WI-SPIR表现并与关节镜结果对比.结果45例90个半月板T1WI-SPIR诊断撕裂70个,关节镜证实50个,MR敏感性100%,准确率71%.结论磁共振T1WI-SPIR序列诊断半月板撕裂较为敏感,但存在一定假阳性.

随着人类社会的发展,人类活动在一定程度上影响了水文气象要素的变化,导致了干旱地区的扩大与干旱化程度的加重,这一趋势已成为全球关注的问题.在近年我国干旱灾害频繁发生的背景下,分析了河北省农业旱灾特点和发展趋势,研究了其严重危害,根据河北省农业实际提出了应对策略,为进一步应对干旱发生、抗旱减灾、确保农业生产、确保粮食安全具有重要的指导作用.

目的 应用彩色多普勒超声观察吡格列酮对ApoE基因敲除小鼠(ApoE-/-小鼠)主动脉内-中膜厚度(intima-media thickness,IMT)、最大血流速度(Vmax)、阻力指数(residence index)的影响及其与小鼠血清脂联素水平的关系.方法 ApoE-/-小鼠30只,随机分成3个亚组:安慰剂组(n=10)、小剂量吡格列酮治疗组[10 mg/(kg· d),n=10]、大剂量吡格列酮治疗组[20mg/(kg·d),n=10].高脂饮食及不同剂量吡格列酮喂养28 d后,比较小鼠主动脉超声改变及血浆脂联素水平.以野生型C57BL/6J小鼠(n=9)做为对照组.结果 ApoE-/-小鼠动脉主动脉内膜可见硬化斑,对照组小鼠主动脉内膜未见硬化斑.高剂量组小鼠主动脉内膜硬化斑少于安慰剂组.安慰剂组小鼠主动脉内-中膜厚度( intima-media thickness,IMT)较对照组小鼠明显增加(P<0.01),大剂量组小鼠主动脉IMT低于安慰剂组和低剂量吡格列酮组小鼠的IMT (P<0.05).高剂量吡格列酮组小鼠主动脉最大血流速度较安慰剂组降低(P<0.05).各组主动脉阻力指数差异无统计学差异.大剂量吡格列酮组小鼠血浆脂联素水平高于安慰剂组及低剂量吡格列酮组小鼠(P<0.05).结论 采用具有高频探头的高档彩色多普勒超声诊断仪可清楚显示小鼠主动脉IMT.吡格列酮可以抑制动脉粥样硬化形成,该抑制作用与提高血浆脂联素水平相关.

目的 应用三维斑点追踪显像技术研究慢性心力衰竭患者(CHF)左室扭转的运动特征,探讨其临床价值.方法 CHF组患者30例,年龄匹配的健康志愿者(对照组)33例,采集标准的四腔心及两腔心切面,进行全容积图像存储,应用3D-trace软件进行脱机分析,软件自动分析计算左心室舒张末期容积(LVEDV),左室收缩末期容积(LVESV),左室射血分数(LVEF),左室基底段收缩期扭转角度峰值(BTW),中间段收缩期扭转角度峰值(MTW),心尖段收缩期扭转角度峰值(ATW),左室整体收缩期扭转角度峰值(LVTW).结果 CHF组LVEF,LVTW,MTW,ATW均较正常组减低,BTW、MTW、ATW、LVTW与LVEF之间有明显的相关性,相关系数分别为0.557,0.926,0.932,0.945.结论 CHF患者左心收缩功能明显降低.三维斑点追踪技术为评估左心室的扭转运动提供了全新的工具,该方法具有广阔的应用前景.

为了了解和掌握承德市水化学特征,采用统计学分析方法、阿廖金分类法和舒卡列夫分类法对承德市地表水、浅层地下水水化学特征进行了分析.结果表明,承德市地表水中的矿化度、总硬度、Ca^2+、HCO3^-和浅层地下水中的HC03一这些指标的变异系数小于30%,离散程度小,含量比较稳定,地表水中HCO3^-和浅层地下水中的Cl^-、SO4^2-、CO3^2-这些指标变异系数大于90%,离散程度大,稳定性较差;地表水的总硬度及矿化度随地理分布存在定的规律,从西北到南部,总硬度和矿化度的值由低到高分布;承德市地表水和浅层地下水的主要阴阳离子构成基本一致,阳离子以Ca^2+、Mg2+为主,阴离子以HC03一为主.分析原因,沿河打井取水,是承德山区取用浅层地下水的主要方式,地表水是浅层地下水的主要补给来源,两者之间没有一个明显的界限.

河北省引黄输水工程是解决河北省水资源危机的有效措施.从1993年开始的引黄输水工程,为缓解河北省水资源紧张发挥了重要作用.通过对引黄输水水质监测结果分析,通过对8次引黄输水水质评价,在对所监测的项目中.有3次输水没有超标现象,有3次污染物的超标倍数小于或等于1,有2次超标倍数在1.2~2.8之间.从输水水质主要污染物分析,主要污染物为氨氮、挥发酚、总磷、总锰、总镉.根据对黄河水源水质资料分析,氮类污染和金属类污染主要受缓和黄河水源的影响,挥发酚、总磷污染主要受河道环境的污染.通过对引黄调水水质评价,受黄河水源和沿途河道的影响,引黄调水水质存在较大的不确定性.因此应加强对引黄调水水质的监测,为用水部门及时提供调水水质信息,以便制宰相席的用水方案.