科创中国

Insect source-sink dynamics are vital to ecologically intensive pest management. Maintaining sink plant hosts,or "trap crops",and destroying alternate hosts or breeding places adjacent to the field crop are effective pest management strategies for some arthropods. However,determining whether a host acts as a source or a sink is challenging, especially when the pest species is highly mobile and polyphagous. The western tarnished plant bug,Lygus hesperus,is highly polyphagous,and can utilize >300 hosts. Its presence has been documented in 26 roadside weed hosts in the Texas High Plains.Previous studies demonstrated that L. hesperus prefer alfalfa over cotton and several alternate weed hosts.A four-year project involved surveying and sampling for L. hesperus in the agricultural landscapes of several sub-regions of the southwestern United States,including the Texas High Plains. In Texas,geographic information of the landscape vegetation complex was compiled from a 150 km radius in the Texas High Plains. In one study,fifty irrigated cotton fields representing the crop diversity within this region were sampled via sweep-net for 10 weeks. This effort also included sampling of up to six noncotton insect habitats within a 3 km radius of each field. Seasonal average L. hesperus abundance data were regressed with 27 field characteristics( variables),including habitat-specific land cover,distance between focal cotton fields and non-cotton habitats,longitude,latitude,elevation,habitat heterogeneity index,and several environmental / ecological variables. Significant variables were selected using a stepwise regression at 15% probability rate. A 10-parameter linear model explained 93% of the variation in the data. Major parameters contributing significantly to variation in L. hesperus abundance in cotton were corn and sunflower acreages,focal cotton field distances from several non-cotton hosts,and habitat heterogeneity index. In addition,field marking-and-capture studies were conducted using protein markers and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays to characterize L. hesperus intercrop movement behavior. The field marking-and-capture approach can be used to study the effects of various crop management practices on L. hesperus intercrop movement and can potentially be applied to other pests and cropping systems.

"十二五"时期我国节能工作面临着更加复杂的形势和严峻的挑战,需要在以往工作基础上有所创新和突破.日本是全球能源效率最高的国家之一,节能取得卓越成绩不仅依靠对技术的不懈追求,更依靠对节能更加深入的理解和政策上的大胆尝试.通过将节能融入经济发展战略、"以人为本"的管理手段以及用更加系统整体的眼光重新看待节能技术和产品,加上能源管理师、领跑者等制度上的创新,日本一直保持着全球节能引领者地位.本文简要地回顾和总结了日本近年来节能理念和制度方面的创新,并结合我国"十一五"以来节能工作,提出了针对"十二五"节能工作的政策建议.

Quadruped robots consume a lot of energy,which is one of the factors restricting their application.Energy efficiency is one of the key evaluating indicators for walking robots.The relationship between energy and elastic elements of walking robots have been studied,but different walking gait patterns and contact status have important influences on locomotion energy efficiency,and the energy efficiency considering the foot-end trajectory has not been reported.Therefore,the energy consumption and energy efficiency of quadruped robot with trot gait and combined cycloid foot trajectory are studied.The forward and inverse kinematics of quadruped robot is derived.The combined cycloid function is proposed to generate horizontal and vertical foot trajectory respectively,which can ensure the acceleration curve of the foot-end smoother and more successive,and reduce the contact force between feet and environment.Because of the variable topology mechanism characteristic of quadruped robot,the leg state is divided into three different phases which are swing phase,transition phase and stance phase during one trot gait cycle.The non-continuous variable constraint between feet and environment of quadruped robot is studied.The dynamic model of quadruped robot is derived considering the variable topology mechanism characteristic,the periodic contact and elastic elements of the robot.The total energy consumption of walking robot during one gait cycle is analyzed based on the dynamic model.The specific resistance is used to evaluate energy efficiency of quadruped robot.The calculation results show the relationships between specific resistance and gait parameters,which can be used to determine the reasonable gait parameters.

物流行业的飞速发展迫使物流公司有强烈的愿望通过上市进行资本融资,进而产生盈余管理的行为.首先对物流公司IPO过程中盈余管理的手段进行分析,进而又分析了其进行盈余管理的特点、识别方法及测度其盈余管理幅度的模型.

新国标(GBl8613)将在2012年内发布并正式开始实施,对新旧标准分别进行了介绍,具体分析了新国标颁布实施后,可能会给中小型电机行业带来的影响,企业应做好相应的技术准备.

近年来178Hfm2 31年的同核异能态被认为是用低能X射线触发使其释放储存能量的最合适候选者.为了探讨在178Hf中是否存在触发Kπ=16+同核异能态γ发射的门态,本工作首先用投影壳模型对178Hf的多准粒子态和集体激发态进行了研究,结果表明其它态位于距离16+同核异能态较远的地方.但当用包括γ自由度的组态限制(绝热阻塞)方法计算178Hf的多准粒子激发态时,结果显示有三个能级可能是16+同核异能态光退激的候选者,位能面计算的结果显示178Hf为轴对称硬核.

阐述了推进精益化仓储管理的重要意义,分析了当前仓储管理的现状与存在的主要问题,提出了推进精益化仓储管理的对策措施.

文章对工作家庭冲突的定义、常用测量工具和国内外研究现状进行综述,并总结了工作家庭冲突的影响因素,结合我国护理专业特点提出平衡工作家庭关系的措施.

项目管理预算是项目管理投资控制的重要环节,结合南水北调天津干线工程建设管理工作实践,从编制方法和编制原则方面论述了概算和项目管理预算不同的编制过程,从南水北调投资价差编制和投资控制考评及奖惩等不同的角度反映了项目管理预算的重要性.事实证明,有效的利用项目管理预算与项目工程价款结算对比,能够对投资有效控制,减少投资风险.有利于提高管理水平,加强成本控制,提高经济效益.