科创中国

在学校组织的正式教师工作评价体系之外,还存在着学生群体自发传播形成的对教师的非正式评价-教师口碑.教师口碑可以被纳入大学教师工作评价体系,成为评价大学教师教育教学的依据和参考.通过对北京地区六所研究型大学高年级本科生的问卷调查发现:高校中正式组织的学生评教活动在结果分析和信息公开等诸多方面仍普遍存在不足;在正式的信息获取渠道不完善的情况下,教师口碑是学生获得教师信息和分享课程经验的重要途径;大学教师口碑在学生中间主要通过口口相传的方式传播,具有较高的可信度和影响力;教师良好的修养学识和课堂教学能力是学生最关心的教师特质,而教师的科研能力、社会工作和荣誉等特质则因其所授课程的性质不同,而受到不同程度的关注.

分析传统学术论文和开放存取论文现有评价方法的不足与困难之处;融合层次分析法和同行评议所具有的优势,提出开放存取论文评价的框架、流程以及具体实现方法.最后通过实验验证其评价效果,结果显示该方法的评价结果与文章的真实值相近.

文章对工作家庭冲突的定义、常用测量工具和国内外研究现状进行综述,并总结了工作家庭冲突的影响因素,结合我国护理专业特点提出平衡工作家庭关系的措施.

Because the deployable structures are complex multi-loop structures and methods of derivation which lead to simpler kinematic and dynamic equations of motion are the subject of research effort, the kinematics and dynamics of deployable structures with scissor-like-elements are presented based on screw theory and the principle of virtual work respectively. According to the geometric characteristic of the deployable structure examined, the basic structural unit is the common scissor-like-element(SLE). First, a spatial deployable structure, comprised of three SLEs, is defined, and the constraint topology graph is obtained. The equations of motion are then derived based on screw theory and the geometric nature of scissor elements. Second, to develop the dynamics of the whole deployable structure, the local coordinates of the SLEs and the Jacobian matrices of the center of mass of the deployable structure are derived. Then, the equivalent forces are assembled and added in the equations of motion based on the principle of virtual work. Finally, dynamic behavior and unfolded process of the deployable structure are simulated. Its figures of velocity, acceleration and input torque are obtained based on the simulate results. Screw theory not only provides an efficient solution formulation and theory guidance for complex multi-closed loop deployable structures, but also extends the method to solve dynamics of deployable structures. As an efficient mathematical tool, the simper equations of motion are derived based on screw theory.

标准普尔首开先河下调美国的主权信用评级,是美国经济持续衰退、国会债务上限讨论、恢复公司声誉、同行激烈竞争、监管政策变化等主客观因素综合作用的结果.标准普尔采取借话说事、预先警告、事先沟通、利用矛盾、瞅准时机等策略避免监管部门的制裁,以最少的代价取得了较好的效果,对维护公司声誉、敦促美国解决财政赤字和债务问题产生了重大的影响和作用.

The existing research of steering comfort mainly focuses on the subjective evaluation,aiming at designing and optimizing the steering system.In the development of steering system,especially the evaluation of steering comfort,the objective evaluation methods considered the kinematic characteristics of driver steering maneuver are not proposed,which means that the objective evaluation of steering cannot be conducted with the evaluation of kinematic characteristics of driver in steering maneuver.In order to propose the objective evaluation methods of steering comfort,the evaluation of steering movement quality of driver is developed on the basis of the study of the kinematic characteristics of steering maneuver.First,the steering motion trajectories of the driver in both comfortable and certain extreme uncomfortable operation conditions are detected using the Vicon motion capture system.The operation conditions are under the restrictions of the vertical height and horizontal distance between steering wheel center and the H-point of driver,and the steering resisting torque else.Next,the movement quality evaluation of driver steering maneuver is assessed using twelve kinds of evaluation indices based on the kinematic analyses of the steering motion trajectories to propose an objective evaluation method.Finally,an integrated discomfort index of steering maneuver is proposed on the basis of the regression analysis of subjective evaluation rating and the movement quality evaluation indices,including the Jerk,Discomfort and Joint Torque indices.The test results show that the proposed integrated discomfort index gives a good fitting with the subjective evaluation of discomfort,which means it can be used to evaluate or predict the discomfort level of steering maneuver.This paper proposes an objective evaluation method of steering comfort based on the movement quality evaluation of driver steering maneuver.

目的研究fascaplysin对ICR小鼠S180移植瘤生长的体内抑制作用,并初步探讨fascaplysin在体内抑瘤的分子机制.方法皮下注射技术建立荷S180骨肉瘤的ICR小鼠为实体瘤动物模型,然后将其分为4组:即空白对照组(注射生理盐水)、阳性对照组[CTX,30mg/(kg·d)]、fascaplysin高剂量组[20mg/(kg·d)]和fascaplysin低剂量组[5mg/(kg·d)],处理10天后,利用电镜分析各组小鼠移植瘤细胞的变化,应用免疫组化技术检测相应组织PCNA、CD31表达情况.结果电镜结果显示肿瘤组织细胞出现凋亡现象.PCNA结果发现,fascaplysin治疗组与空白对照组相比差异极显著(P〈0.01),高、低剂量组之间差异显著(P〈0.05),具有一定程度的剂量一效应依赖性.MVD结果:与空白对照组相比,fascaplysin各剂量组肿瘤组织内MVD均明显减少(P〈0.01).结论Fascaplysin治疗能诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡,减少肿瘤组织PCNA的表达,降低肿瘤的增殖活性.减少肿瘤组织微血管的密度,抑制肿瘤血管的新生.提示fascaplysin在体内具有良好的抗肿瘤作用.

针对期刊评价实践中专家评审数据获取困难的问题,建议利用现有引文数据库提供的信息构建新型专家评议指标,以测度期刊在学科专家群体中的影响力.提出期刊z指数指标并以国内图情类核心期刊为例进行实证研究,认为该方法能有效获取可反映专家评价意见的客观数据,而且具有成本低、可信度较高等优势.

The existing researches of the evaluation method of ride comfort of vehicle mainly focus on the level of human feelings to vibration. The level of human feelings to vibration is influenced by many factors, however, the ride comfort according to the common principle of probability and statistics and simple binary logic is unable to reflect these uncertainties. The random fuzzy evaluation model from people subjective response to vibration is adopted in the paper, these uncertainties are analyzed from the angle of psychological physics. Discussing the traditional evaluation of ride comfort during vehicle vibration, a fuzzily random evaluation model on the basis of annoyance rate is proposed for the human body's subjective response to vibration, with relevant fuzzy membership function and probability distribution given. A half-car four degrees of freedom suspension vibration model is described, subject to irregular excitations from the road surface, with the aid of software Matlab/Simulink. A new kind of evaluation method for ride comfort of vehicles is proposed in the paper, i.e., the annoyance rate evaluation method. The genetic algorithm and neural network control theory are used to control the system. Simulation results are obtained, such as the comparison of comfort reaction to vibration environments between before and after control, relationship of annoyance rate to vibration frequency and weighted acceleration, based on ISO2631/1(1982), ISO 2631–1(1997) and annoyance rate evaluation method, respectively. Simulated assessment results indicate that the proposed active suspension systems prove to be effective in the vibration isolation of the suspension system, and the subjective response of human being can be promoted from very uncomfortable to a little uncomfortable. Furthermore, the novel evaluation method based on annoyance rate can further estimate quantitatively the number of passengers who feel discomfort due to vibration. A new analysis method of vehicle comfort is presented.

In order to find a parameter as the evaluation index that can capture the effect of the interaction between asphalt and aggregate, the rheological properties of asphalt mastics using two kinds of asphalts and four kinds of aggregates under different filler-asphalt ratios were measured by a dynamic shear rheometer (DSR). Moreover, four rheological parameters of K.Ziegel-B, Luis Ibrarra-A, complex shear modulus ΔG*and complex viscosity Δη* for evaluating the interaction ability were studied. Results indicate that all the four parameters can characterize the interaction ability of asphalt and aggregate correctly and feasibly. Through the comparison of sensitivities and physical meanings of the four parameters, K.Ziegel-B with high sensitivity and exact physical meaning is finally selected as the evaluation index for interaction ability of asphalt and aggregate.