科创中国

糯扎渡心墙堆石坝最大坝高261.5 m.为强震区建设的超高心墙堆石坝,具有上下游坝坡较陡、地形地质条件复杂,天然土料颗粒级配细、粘粒含量偏高等特点.根据工程特点,从坝料、坝体结构、抗震措施、坝基处理等方面进行了设计,糯扎渡工程特有的设计主要有防渗土料采用人工掺砾石土料、上游坝壳采用含软岩堆石料填筑、坝体顶部采用堆石内加不锈钢钢筋的抗震措施、坝基构造软弱岩带采用高压干磨细水泥固结灌浆等.

为研究5个水稻品种对美国稻瘟病小种IB-1、IE-1k和IG-1的抗性遗传,于2008-2009年在美国阿肯色大学潘布拉夫分校和水稻研究推广中心,用中国水稻品种特青和4个美国水稻品种Katy、Mars、LaGrue和Newbonnet组成完全双列杂交.一代、杂交二代和亲本在温室,用美国稻瘟病(Magna porthegrisea)3个主要菌原小种IB-1、IE 1k和IG-1进行接种鉴定,进行完全双列杂交遗传分析研究.结果表明:特青抗所有的小种;Katy抗IB-1和IG-1,但感IE-1k; Mars抗IE-1k和IG-1,但感IB 1;LaGrue感所有小种;Newbonnet抗IG-1,但感IB-1和IE-1k.抗病品种特青与感病品种Newbonnet对小种IB-1,抗病品种特青与抗病品种Mars对IE-1k,抗病品种特青与抗病品种Katy,抗病品种特青与抗病品种Newbonnet对IG-1,其正反交二代抗病植株与感病植株的比例为63:1,说明,这些抗病品种对相应的IB-1、IE-1k和IG-1分别存在3对独立遗传的显性抗病基因,出现重叠作用的遗传关系.抗病品种特青与抗病品种Katy,抗病品种特青与感病品种LaGrue,抗病品种Katy与感病品种Newbonnet对IB-1,抗病品种特青与感病品种Mars 和感病品种Lagure,抗病品种Katy与感病品种Mars和感病品种Lagure对IG-1,其正反交杂交二代抗病植 株与感病植株的分离比例符合15:1的比例,说明,这些抗病品种对相应稻瘟病小种存在两对独立遗传的显 性抗性基因,出现重叠作用的遗传关系.抗病品种Mars与感病品种Katy、感病品种Lagure和感病品种Newbonnet对IE-1k,其杂交一代表现感病,正反交杂交二代抗病植株和感病植株的分离符合7抗:9感的比例,说明,品种Mars存在两对隐性抗病基因,感病品种Katy、Lagure和Newbonnet与抗病品种Mars的后代出现两对显性感病基因互补作用的遗传关系.抗病品种特青与感病品种Mars,抗病品种Katy与感病品种Mars及LaGrue对IB-1,抗病品种特青与感病品种Katy、LaGrue和Newbonnet对IE-1k,抗病品种Katy、Mars和Newbonnet与感病品种LaGrue对IG-1,其正反交二代的抗病植株与感病植株的比例为3:1,说明,这些品种对IB-1、IE-1k和IG-1的抗性分别存在1对显隐性基因遗传关系.感病品种Mars、La-Grue、Newbonnet对IB-1和感病品种Katy、LaGrue、Newbonnet对IE-1k,其正反交二代全为感病植株,说明,这些感病品种分别对IB-1、IE-1k的感病基因是等位的.

Existing researches on no-moving part valves in valve-less piezoelectric pumps mainly concentrate on pipeline valves and chamber bottom valves,which leads to the complex structure and manufacturing process of pump channel and chamber bottom.Furthermore,position fixed valves with respect to the inlet and outlet also makes the adjustability and controllability of flow rate worse.In order to overcome these shortcomings,this paper puts forward a novel implantable structure of valve-less piezoelectric pump with hemisphere-segments in the pump chamber.Based on the theory of flow around bluff-body,the flow resistance on the spherical and round surface of hemisphere-segment is different when fluid flows through,and the macroscopic flow resistance differences thus formed are also different.A novel valve-less piezoelectric pump with hemisphere-segment bluff-body(HSBB)is presented and designed.HSBB is the no-moving part valve.By the method of volume and momentum comparison,the stress on the bluff-body in the pump chamber is analyzed.The essential reason of unidirectional fluid pumping is expounded,and the flow rate formula is obtained.To verify the theory,a prototype is produced.By using the prototype,experimental research on the relationship between flow rate,pressure difference,voltage,and frequency has been carried out,which proves the correctness of the above theory.This prototype has six hemisphere-segments in the chamber filled with water,and the effective diameter of the piezoelectric bimorph is 30mm.The experiment result shows that the flow rate can reach 0.50 mL/s at the frequency of 6 Hz and the voltage of 110 V.Besides,the pressure difference can reach 26.2 mm H2O at the frequency of 6 Hz and the voltage of 160 V.This research proposes a valve-less piezoelectric pump with hemisphere-segment bluff-body,and its validity and feasibility is verified through theoretical analysis and experiment.

目的探讨本地区临床分离多重耐药大肠埃希菌(Escherichiacoli,Ecoli)的氨基糖苷类修饰酶和I类整合子基因存在情况.方法纸片扩散法(K-B法)测定71株大肠埃希菌对常用抗菌药物的耐药性,应用PCR技术对Ecoli进行氨基糖苷类修饰酶和I类整合酶基因的检测.结果71株大肠埃希菌对庆大霉素、左氧氟沙星、头孢噻肟、头孢他啶的耐药率分别分为66.20%、63.38%、59.15%、18.31%,其中23株为多重耐药株(32.39%).氨基糖苷类修饰酶基因aac(3)-II阳性40株(56.34%),aac(6')-I阳性22株(30.99%),ant(3")-I阳性14株(19.72%),未检出aac(6'埘阳性株,氨基糖苷类修饰酶基因总检出率为74.65%1I类整合酶基因(intll)阳性53株(74.65%).多重耐药与非多重耐药大肠埃希菌中aac(3)-II、aac(6')-I、总氨基糖苷类修饰酶基因、intll的阳性率有统计学差异(P〈0.05).结论本地区多重耐药E.coli的氨基糖苷类修饰酶基因、I类整合酶基因携带率高.

采用自行合成的单分子膨胀阻燃剂季戊四醇酯三聚氰胺磷酸盐(MPPL)以及混合型膨胀阻燃剂三聚氰胺磷酸盐(MP)/李戊四醇(PEL)阻燃高密度聚乙烯,比较了2种阻燃材料的各项性能指标,研究表明:单分子膨胀阻燃材料体系具有更优异的阻燃性能、机械力学性能以及耐水性.通过热失重测试和炭层形貌表征分析研究了2种体系阻燃性能显著差异的原因.