科创中国

CdSe/CdS semiconductor quantum dots co-sensitized TiO2 nanorod array was fabricated on the transparent conductive fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrate using the hydrothermal and successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) process. The structural and morphological properties of the samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results indicate that CdSe/CdS QDs are uniformly coated on the surface of the TiO2 nanorods. The shift of light absorption edge was monitored by taking UV-visible absorption spectra. Compared with the absorption spectra of the TiO2 nanorod array, deposition of CdSe/CdS QDs shifts the absorption edge to the higher wavelength. The enhanced light absorption in the visible-light region of CdSe/CdS/TiO2 nanorod array indicates that CdSe/CdS layers can act as co-sensitizers in quantum dots sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs). By optimizing the CdSe layer deposition cycles, a photocurrent of 5.78 mA/cm2, an open circuit photovoltage of 0.469 V and a conversion efficiency of 1.34 % were obtained under an illumination of 100 mw/cm2.

采用溶胶-凝胶法,以钛酸四丁酯为原料,分别以多壁碳纳米管和活性炭为载体,并分别在载体表面上负载纳米TiO2颗粒,制备出碳纳米管-TiO2(MWNTs-TiO2)和活性炭- TiO2( AC-TiO2)两种复合材料.采用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)对样品进行表征,结果显示,经500℃热处理后,TiO2主要以锐钛矿形式存在,纳米TiO2颗粒均匀的负载于载体的表面.吸附降解的实验结果表明,MWNTs-TiO2和AC-TiO2两种复合材料对活性染料甲基橙吸附降解效果均好于纯纳米TiO2颗粒,而MWNTs-TiO2复合材料的吸附降解效果更好,更适合作为纳米TiO2光催化载体.

将功能化TiO2纳米管(FTNT)均匀分散在聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)铸膜液中,利用相转化法制备PVDF/FTNT杂化膜,通过扫描电镜(SEM)、接触角测定、过滤实验和污染性测试等研究了其微结构、分离性和耐污染性能等,并考察膜污染后有效的清洗方法.结果表明,添加FTNT的杂化膜具有不同的微结构与性能,当添加1% FTNT时,杂化膜皮层变薄、微孔数增多,并呈现出最优化的水通量、亲水性、耐压性和抗污染能力等,而对腐殖酸(HA)溶液的截留率略有提高.采用0.01 mol/L的NaOH溶液碱洗和太阳光/水的绿色清洗工艺均能实现膜性能的恢复,而采用后者清洗的杂化膜通量恢复率可达到90%以上.

二氧化钛具有优良的光催化性能,以其为载体通过光催化还原沉积可在其表面实现单质金属活性组分负载.选择二氧化钛颗粒为载体,通过紫外光照射在二氧化钛颗粒表面还原沉积铂单质,形成Pt/TiO2负载型催化剂,并将该新型催化剂用于氨催化氧化反应.所制备的Pt/TiO2催化剂铂负载量减为0.2 gPt/gTiO2,比表面积增达10 m2/g.以该催化剂催化氨氧化反应,氨转化率在600~700℃即可达100%,低于目前硝酸工业中氨氧化反应温度800~900℃,也低于PtO2升华温度850℃.该催化剂经400 h连续反应,其铂载量、及催化活性均无降低,具有工业应用前景.

通过235U诱发裂变径迹及电子探针测试综合研究,在6722铀矿床的含矿隐爆角砾岩胶结物中首次发现钛铀矿—品质铀矿—铀石—沥青铀矿显微共生组合.这样一种在1 cm2(光薄片)范围内分布,而且不存在任何脉状相互穿插现象的钛铀矿—晶质铀矿—铀石—沥青铀矿显微共生组合表明其形成于同—成矿物理化学体系中.根据UO2—TiO2 —H2O体系稳定场,确定6722铀矿床中钛铀矿—晶质铀矿—铀石—沥青铀矿显微共生组合形成温度范围为250~350℃,属中—高温热液成因.

A root hinge drive assembly is preferred in place of the classical viscous damper in a large solar array system.It has advantages including better deployment control and higher reliability.But the traditional single degree of freedom model should be improved.A multiple degrees of freedom dynamics model is presented for the solar arrays deployment to guide the drive assembly design.The established model includes the functions of the torsion springs,the synchronization mechanism and the lock-up impact.A numerical computation method is proposed to solve the dynamics coupling problem.Then considering the drive torque requirement calculated by the proposed model,a root hinge drive assembly is developed based on the reliability engineering design methods,and dual actuators are used as a redundancy design.Pseudo-efficiency is introduced and the major factors influencing the(pseudo-)efficiency of the gear mechanism designed with high reduction ratio are studied for further test data analysis.A ground prototype deployment test is conducted to verify the capacity of the drive assembly.The test device consists of a large-area solar array system and a root hinge drive assembly.The RHDA development time is about 43 s.The theoretical drive torque is compared with the test values which are obtained according to the current data and the reduction efficiency analysis,and the results show that the presented model and the calibration methods are proper enough.

CO2腐蚀是威胁油气开采过程中井下管柱服役安全的重要因素.本工作采用高温高压腐蚀模拟试验,研究了CO2分压对N80钢CO2腐蚀行为的影响.结果表明,在CO2腐蚀较为敏感的80℃时,N80钢腐蚀速率随CO2分压升高而上升,腐蚀类型与腐蚀产物膜形貌随CO2分压增加而变化,在相对低CO2分压下以全面腐蚀为主,高CO2分压下腐蚀类型由全面腐蚀转变为局部腐蚀.腐蚀产物膜的局部损伤是导致金属基体表面局部腐蚀的重要诱因.

目的 探讨缺氧诱导因子-2α(hypoxia-inducible factors-2α,HIF-2α)siRNA对乳腺癌细胞MCF-7增殖能力的影响及相关机制.方法 采用CoCl2处理细胞,建立细胞缺氧模型,应用RNA干扰技术沉默MCF-7细胞中HIF-2α的表达;运用RT-PCR技术检测转染后MCF-7细胞中HIF-2α mRNA的表达;绘制细胞生长曲线,观察细胞生长速度和倍增时间;通过流式细胞术观察细胞周期分布的改变;采用RT-PCR技术检测增殖相关基因的表达.结果 细胞缺氧模型建立成功.RNA干扰结果显示:缺氧+siRNA组HIF-2α mRNA的表达与单纯缺氧组相比明显降低(P<0.05);细胞生长曲线结果显示:缺氧+siRNA组与单纯缺氧组相比,细胞生长速度明显减慢,倍增时间显著延长(P均<0.05);细胞周期结果显示:缺氧+siRNA组与单纯缺氧组相比,S期和G2/M期细胞比例显著减少(P<0.05);RT-PCR结果显示:缺氧+siRNA组与单纯缺氧组相比,p21基因表达上调(P<0.05),Cyclin B基因表达下调(P<0.05).结论 HIF-2α siRNA可抑制乳腺癌MCF-7细胞增殖能力,可能与p21基因表达上调、Cyclin B基因表达下调有关.

目的:研究口服玫瑰茄水提取物对大鼠肾Na+-K+-ATP酶和Ca2+- Mg2+-ATP酶活性的影响.方法:连续28 d分别给予实验大鼠口服25和50 mg/kg的玫瑰茄水提物,同时给予对照组大鼠灌胃适当剂量的蒸馏水.用光谱测定法分析大鼠肾脏中Na+-K+-ATP酶和Ca2+ -Mg2+-ATP酶的活性.结果:口服25和50 mg/kg的玫瑰茄提取物后,实验组大鼠肾Ca2+-Mg2+-ATP酶活性显著降低(P<0.05),然而肾Na+ -K+ -ATP酶的活性却未受到任何影响.实验组大鼠体质量、肾脏质量,血浆白蛋白和总蛋白浓度,碱性磷酸酶、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶、丙氨酸氨基转移酶活性以及血浆钠、钾、钙离子的浓度与对照组大鼠相比无明显变化;但大鼠的肌酐以及尿素水平均在服用50 mg/kg的玫瑰茄提取物后明显降低(P<0.05).结论:尽管口服玫瑰茄提取物会引起肾Ca2+-Mg2+-ATP酶活性的减弱,但同时可以起到保护肾脏功能的作用.

目的:检测两株人乳腺癌细胞BT474和BT474/siRNA HER-2微小RNA( miRNAs)的表达,初步筛选与HER-2相关差异性表达的miRNAs。方法用干扰RNA技术沉默人乳腺癌细胞株BT474中HER-2基因的表达,利用miRNA芯片技术比较两株细胞BT474和BT474/siRNA HER-2内miRNAs的表达。结果差异倍数>2且P<0.05,与HER-2相关的miRNAs有338个;其中110个miRNAs上调,228个miRNAs下调。结论用miRNA芯片技术可以筛选人乳腺癌BT474细胞在不同HER-2水平差异性表达的miRNAs,进一步分析筛选,有望在乳腺癌中寻找到与HER-2相关的miRNAs。