科创中国

目的 探讨超声和CT在喉癌患者中甲状软骨受侵时诊断的准确性.方法 对80例正常对照组及87例喉癌可疑患者术前进行甲状软骨超声检查,与CT显示、手术结果进行对照分析.结果 超声对甲状软骨显示良好,本组74例喉癌患者甲状软骨受侵15例.在判断甲状软骨受侵时超声成像灵敏度要优于CT检查(P<0.05).结论 超声能够在喉癌患者中判断甲状软骨是否受侵及受侵情况,可为临床选择治疗方案、制定手术方式提供重要的依据.

In piezoceramic ultrasonic devices,the piezoceramic stacks may fail permanently or function improperly if their working temperatures overstep the Curie temperature of the piezoceramic material.While the end of the horn usually serves near the melting point of the molten metal and is enclosed in an airtight chamber,so that it is difficult to experimentally measure the temperature of the transducer and its variation with time,which bring heavy difficulty to the design of the ultrasonic molten metal treatment system.To find a way out,conjugate heat transfer analysis of an ultrasonic molten metal treatment system is performed with coupled fluid and heat transfer finite element method.In modeling of the system,the RNG model and the SIMPLE algorithm are adopted for turbulence and nonlinear coupling between the momentum equation and the energy equation.Forced air cooling as well as natural air cooling is analyzed to compare the difference of temperature evolution.Numerical results show that,after about 350 s of working time,temperatures in the surface of the ceramic stacks in forced air cooling drop about 7 K compared with that in natural cooling.At 240 s,The molten metal surface emits heat radiation with a maximum rate of about 19 036 W/m2,while the heat insulation disc absorbs heat radiation at a maximum rate of about 7922 W/m2,which indicates the effectiveness of heat insulation of the asbestos pad.Transient heat transfer film coefficient and its distribution,which are difficult to be measured experimentally are also obtained through numerical simulation.At 240 s,the heat transfer film coefficient in the surface of the transducer ranges from–17.86 to 20.17 W/(m2?K).Compared with the trial and error method based on the test,the proposed research provides a more effective way in the design and analysis of the temperature control of the molten metal treatment system.

目的 分析肝小静脉闭塞病的临床特点、影像表现和诊治经验.方法 回顾性分析2005年1月~2011年1月我院收治的5例肝小静脉闭塞病患者的临床资料.结果 根据临床及病理学资料,将肝小静脉闭塞病分为急性期(1例)、亚急性期(1例)和慢性期(3例).CT平扫检查均发现肝脏肿大,肝实质密度降低.彩色B超检查均发现肝静脉变细,血流变缓;4例患者存在腹水.行门-体分流术3例,其中好转2例,死亡1例.行内科保守治疗2例,其中1例治愈,1例好转.结论 肝小静脉闭塞病临床表现以肝脏肿大和腹水为特征.影像学检查对肝小静脉闭塞病诊断有重要价值.急性期患者宜采取内科保守治疗,若出现门脉高压症状时,应行门-体分流术治疗.

目的通过分析磁共振T1WI-SPIR序列半月板撕裂的征象并与关节镜结果对比以探讨其在半月板撕裂诊断中的临床应用价值.方法回顾性分析45例经关节镜证实的半月板撕裂病人T1WI-SPIR表现并与关节镜结果对比.结果45例90个半月板T1WI-SPIR诊断撕裂70个,关节镜证实50个,MR敏感性100%,准确率71%.结论磁共振T1WI-SPIR序列诊断半月板撕裂较为敏感,但存在一定假阳性.

目的 应用彩色多普勒超声观察吡格列酮对ApoE基因敲除小鼠(ApoE-/-小鼠)主动脉内-中膜厚度(intima-media thickness,IMT)、最大血流速度(Vmax)、阻力指数(residence index)的影响及其与小鼠血清脂联素水平的关系.方法 ApoE-/-小鼠30只,随机分成3个亚组:安慰剂组(n=10)、小剂量吡格列酮治疗组[10 mg/(kg· d),n=10]、大剂量吡格列酮治疗组[20mg/(kg·d),n=10].高脂饮食及不同剂量吡格列酮喂养28 d后,比较小鼠主动脉超声改变及血浆脂联素水平.以野生型C57BL/6J小鼠(n=9)做为对照组.结果 ApoE-/-小鼠动脉主动脉内膜可见硬化斑,对照组小鼠主动脉内膜未见硬化斑.高剂量组小鼠主动脉内膜硬化斑少于安慰剂组.安慰剂组小鼠主动脉内-中膜厚度( intima-media thickness,IMT)较对照组小鼠明显增加(P<0.01),大剂量组小鼠主动脉IMT低于安慰剂组和低剂量吡格列酮组小鼠的IMT (P<0.05).高剂量吡格列酮组小鼠主动脉最大血流速度较安慰剂组降低(P<0.05).各组主动脉阻力指数差异无统计学差异.大剂量吡格列酮组小鼠血浆脂联素水平高于安慰剂组及低剂量吡格列酮组小鼠(P<0.05).结论 采用具有高频探头的高档彩色多普勒超声诊断仪可清楚显示小鼠主动脉IMT.吡格列酮可以抑制动脉粥样硬化形成,该抑制作用与提高血浆脂联素水平相关.

目的 应用三维斑点追踪显像技术研究慢性心力衰竭患者(CHF)左室扭转的运动特征,探讨其临床价值.方法 CHF组患者30例,年龄匹配的健康志愿者(对照组)33例,采集标准的四腔心及两腔心切面,进行全容积图像存储,应用3D-trace软件进行脱机分析,软件自动分析计算左心室舒张末期容积(LVEDV),左室收缩末期容积(LVESV),左室射血分数(LVEF),左室基底段收缩期扭转角度峰值(BTW),中间段收缩期扭转角度峰值(MTW),心尖段收缩期扭转角度峰值(ATW),左室整体收缩期扭转角度峰值(LVTW).结果 CHF组LVEF,LVTW,MTW,ATW均较正常组减低,BTW、MTW、ATW、LVTW与LVEF之间有明显的相关性,相关系数分别为0.557,0.926,0.932,0.945.结论 CHF患者左心收缩功能明显降低.三维斑点追踪技术为评估左心室的扭转运动提供了全新的工具,该方法具有广阔的应用前景.