科创中国

The existing researches of the evaluation method of ride comfort of vehicle mainly focus on the level of human feelings to vibration. The level of human feelings to vibration is influenced by many factors, however, the ride comfort according to the common principle of probability and statistics and simple binary logic is unable to reflect these uncertainties. The random fuzzy evaluation model from people subjective response to vibration is adopted in the paper, these uncertainties are analyzed from the angle of psychological physics. Discussing the traditional evaluation of ride comfort during vehicle vibration, a fuzzily random evaluation model on the basis of annoyance rate is proposed for the human body's subjective response to vibration, with relevant fuzzy membership function and probability distribution given. A half-car four degrees of freedom suspension vibration model is described, subject to irregular excitations from the road surface, with the aid of software Matlab/Simulink. A new kind of evaluation method for ride comfort of vehicles is proposed in the paper, i.e., the annoyance rate evaluation method. The genetic algorithm and neural network control theory are used to control the system. Simulation results are obtained, such as the comparison of comfort reaction to vibration environments between before and after control, relationship of annoyance rate to vibration frequency and weighted acceleration, based on ISO2631/1(1982), ISO 2631–1(1997) and annoyance rate evaluation method, respectively. Simulated assessment results indicate that the proposed active suspension systems prove to be effective in the vibration isolation of the suspension system, and the subjective response of human being can be promoted from very uncomfortable to a little uncomfortable. Furthermore, the novel evaluation method based on annoyance rate can further estimate quantitatively the number of passengers who feel discomfort due to vibration. A new analysis method of vehicle comfort is presented.

Steering control of a capsule robot in curve environment by magnetic navigation is not yet solved completely.A petal-shaped capsule robot with less steering resistance based on multiple wedge effects is presented,and an optimization method with two processes for determining the orientation of a pre-applied universal magnetic spin vector is proposed.To realize quick and non-contact steering swimming,a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method for optimizing the steering driving angle is presented based on two evaluation indexes including the average steering speed and the average steering trajectory deviation,achieving the initial optimal orientation of a universal magnetic spin vector.To further reduce robotic magnetic vibration,a main target method for optimizing its final orientation,which is used for fine adjustment,is employed under the constrains of the magnetic moments.Swimming experimental results in curve pipe verified the effectiveness of the optimization method,which can be effectively used to realize non-contact steering swimming of the petal-shaped robot and reduce its vibration.

Pneumatic actuators and electric actuators have almost been applied to all manufacturing industries.The two kinds of actuators can replace each other in most fields,such as the point to point transmission occasion and some rotating occasions.However,there are very few research results about the advantages and disadvantages of two kinds of actuators under the same working conditions so far.In this paper,a novel comprehensive assessment method,named as overall life cycle comprehensive assessment(OLCCA),is proposed for comparison and assessment of pneumatic and electric actuators.OLCCA contains mechanical properties evaluation(MPE),life cycle cost analysis based on users(LCCABOU)and life cycle environmental impact analysis(LCEIA)algorithm in order to solve three difficult problems:mechanical properties assessment,cost analysis and environmental impact assessment about actuators.The mechanical properties evaluation of actuators is a multi-objective optimization problem.The fuzzy data quantification and information entropy methods are combined to establish MPE algorithm of actuators.Two kinds of pneumatic actuators and electric actuators with similar bearing capacity and similar work stroke were taken for example to verify the correctness of MPE algorithm.The case study of MPE algorithm for actuators verified its correctness.LCCABOU for actuators is also set up.Considering cost complex structure of pneumatic actuators,public device cost even method(PDCEM)is firstly presented to solve cost division of public devices such as compressors,aftercooler,receivers,etc.LCCABOU method is also effective and verified by the three groups of pneumatic actuators and electric actuators.Finally,LCEIA model of actuators is established for the environmental impact assessment of actuators.LCEIA data collection method and model establishment procedure for actuators are also put forward.With Simapro 7,LCEIA comparison results of six actuators can be obtained:Fossil fuels are the major environmental factor of pneumatic and electric actuators;Environmental impact of electric actuator is large than one of pneumatic actuator under the similar mechanical properties and working conditions of pneumatic and electric actuators.The results are correct and correspond with the actual mechanical properties of actuators.This paper proposes a comprehensive evaluation method of the actuators,which can solve the critical problem that similar electromechanical products are very difficult to be compared with each other from the angle of performance,cost and environment impact.

基于SCI-E(即SCI网络版)、Ei和ISTP这三大数据库,对浙江省25所本科院校在2006-2010年5年间被收录的论文,运用文献计量法对论文数量、收录论文的年度、学科分布和院校排名进行统计与分析,通过定量数据反映地方高校的科研水平和学科发展,为地方高校的科研评估、学科建设提供数据参考.也为高校图书馆拓展信息服务内容进行有益探索.

分析传统学术论文和开放存取论文现有评价方法的不足与困难之处;融合层次分析法和同行评议所具有的优势,提出开放存取论文评价的框架、流程以及具体实现方法.最后通过实验验证其评价效果,结果显示该方法的评价结果与文章的真实值相近.

Iterative methods based on finite element simulation are effective approaches to design mold shape to compensate springback in sheet metal forming.However,convergence rate of iterative methods is difficult to improve greatly.To increase the springback compensate speed of designing age forming mold,process of calculating springback for a certain mold with finite element method is analyzed.Springback compensation is abstracted as finding a solution for a set of nonlinear functions and a springback compensation algorithm is presented on the basis of quasi Newton method.The accuracy of algorithm is verified by developing an ABAQUS secondary development program with MATLAB.Three rectangular integrated panels of dimensions 710 mm′750 mm integrated panels with intersected ribs of 10 mm are selected to perform case studies.The algorithm is used to compute mold contours for the panels with cylinder,sphere and saddle contours respectively and it takes 57%,22%and 33%iterations as compared to that of displacement adjustment(DA)method.At the end of iterations,maximum deviations on the three panels are 0.618 4 mm,0.624 1 mm and 0.342 0 mm that are smaller than the deviations determined by DA method(0.740 8 mm,0.740 8 mm and 0.713 7 mm respectively).In following experimental verification,mold contour for another integrated panel with 400 mm*380 mm size is designed by the algorithm.Then the panel is age formed in an autoclave and measured by a three dimensional digital measurement devise.Deviation between measuring results and the panel's design contour is less than 1 mm.Finally,the iterations with different mesh sizes(40 mm,35mm,30 mm,25 mm,20 mm)in finite element models are compared and found no considerable difference.Another possible compensation method,Broyden-Fletcher-Shanmo method,is also presented based on the solving nonlinear functions idea.The Broyden-Fletcher-Shanmo method is employed to compute mold contour for the second panel.It only takes 50%iterations compared to that of DA.The proposed method can serve a faster mold contour compensation method for sheet metal forming.

在学校组织的正式教师工作评价体系之外,还存在着学生群体自发传播形成的对教师的非正式评价-教师口碑.教师口碑可以被纳入大学教师工作评价体系,成为评价大学教师教育教学的依据和参考.通过对北京地区六所研究型大学高年级本科生的问卷调查发现:高校中正式组织的学生评教活动在结果分析和信息公开等诸多方面仍普遍存在不足;在正式的信息获取渠道不完善的情况下,教师口碑是学生获得教师信息和分享课程经验的重要途径;大学教师口碑在学生中间主要通过口口相传的方式传播,具有较高的可信度和影响力;教师良好的修养学识和课堂教学能力是学生最关心的教师特质,而教师的科研能力、社会工作和荣誉等特质则因其所授课程的性质不同,而受到不同程度的关注.

多年调节水库调节性能较高,其兴利库容对整个工程规模的确定至关重要.以贵州省麻江县上寨水库多年调节水库为例,通过对水库的径流系列进行分析,采用时历法和数理统计法对水库的兴利库容进行计算,对该水库的兴利库容计算结果进行了评价,并对多年调节水库兴利调节中采用的基础资料及计算方法进行了简要分析.

Common compliant joints generally have limited range of motion,reduced fatigue life and high stress concentration.To overcome these shortcomings,periodically corrugated cantilever beam is applied to design compliant joints.Basic corrugated beam unit is modeled by using pseudo-rigid-body method.The trajectory and deformation behavior of periodically corrugated cantilever beam are estimated by the transformation of coordinate and superposition of the deformation of corrugated beam units.Finite element analysis(FEA)is carried out on corrugated cantilever beam to estimate the accuracy of the pseudo-rigid-body model.Results show that the kinetostatic behaviors obtained by this method,which has a relative error less than 6%,has good applicability and corrugated cantilever beam has the characteristics of a large range of motion and high mechanical strength.The corrugated cantilever beam is then applied to design a flexible rotational joint to obtain a larger angle output.The paper proposes a pseudo-rigid-body model for corrugated cantilever beam and designed a flexible rotational joint with large angle output.

The existing research of steering comfort mainly focuses on the subjective evaluation,aiming at designing and optimizing the steering system.In the development of steering system,especially the evaluation of steering comfort,the objective evaluation methods considered the kinematic characteristics of driver steering maneuver are not proposed,which means that the objective evaluation of steering cannot be conducted with the evaluation of kinematic characteristics of driver in steering maneuver.In order to propose the objective evaluation methods of steering comfort,the evaluation of steering movement quality of driver is developed on the basis of the study of the kinematic characteristics of steering maneuver.First,the steering motion trajectories of the driver in both comfortable and certain extreme uncomfortable operation conditions are detected using the Vicon motion capture system.The operation conditions are under the restrictions of the vertical height and horizontal distance between steering wheel center and the H-point of driver,and the steering resisting torque else.Next,the movement quality evaluation of driver steering maneuver is assessed using twelve kinds of evaluation indices based on the kinematic analyses of the steering motion trajectories to propose an objective evaluation method.Finally,an integrated discomfort index of steering maneuver is proposed on the basis of the regression analysis of subjective evaluation rating and the movement quality evaluation indices,including the Jerk,Discomfort and Joint Torque indices.The test results show that the proposed integrated discomfort index gives a good fitting with the subjective evaluation of discomfort,which means it can be used to evaluate or predict the discomfort level of steering maneuver.This paper proposes an objective evaluation method of steering comfort based on the movement quality evaluation of driver steering maneuver.