科创中国

Longitudinal vibration,torsional vibration and their coupled vibration are the main vibration modes of the crankshaft-sliding bearing system.However,these vibrations of the propeller-crankshaft-sliding bearing system generated by the fluid exciting force on the propeller are much more complex.Currently,the torsional and longitudinal vibrations have been studied separately while the research on their coupled vibration is few,and the influence of the propeller structure to dynamic characteristics of a crankshaft has not been studied yet.In order to describe the dynamic properties of a crankshaft accurately,a nonlinear dynamic model is proposed taking the effect of torsional-longitudinal coupling and the variable inertia of propeller,connecting rod and piston into account.Numerical simulation cases are carried out to calculate the response data of the system in time and frequency domains under the working speed and over-speed,respectively.Results of vibration analysis of the propeller and crankshaft system coupled in torsional and longitudinal direction indicate that the system dynamic behaviors are relatively complicated especially in the components of the frequency response.For example,the 4 times of an exciting frequency acting on the propeller by fluid appears at 130 r/min,while not yield at 105 r/min.While the possible abnormal vibration at over-speed just needs to be vigilant.So when designing the propeller shafting used in marine diesel engines,strength calculation and vibration analysis based only on linear model may cause great errors and the proposed research provides some references to design diesel engine propeller shafting used in large marines.

The major methods to investigate the airbags cushion system are experimental method,thermodynamic method and finite element method(FEM).Airbags cushion systems are very complicated and very difficult to be investigated thoroughly by such methods.For experimental method,it is nearly impossible to completely analyze and optimize the cushion characteristics of airbags of airborne vehicle because of charge issue,safety concern and time constraint.Thermodynamic method fails to take the non-linear effects of large airbag deformation and varied contact conditions into consideration.For finite element method,the FE model is usually complicated and the calculation takes tens of hours of CPU time.As a result,the optimization of the design based on a nonlinear model is very difficult by traditional iterative approach method.In this paper,a model based on FEM and control volume method is proposed to simulate landing cushion process of airborne vehicle with airbags cushion system in order to analyze and optimize the parameters in airbags cushion system.At first,the performance of airbags cushion system model is verified experimentally.In airdrop test,accelerometers are fixed in 4 test points distributed over engine mount,top,bottom and side armor plate of hull to obtain acceleration curves with time.The simulation results are obtained under the same conditions of the airdrop test and the simulation results agree very well with the experimental results,which indicate the established model is valid for further optimization.To optimize the parameters of airbags,equivalent response model based on Latin Hypercube DOE and radial basis function is employed instead of the complex finite element model.Then the optimal results based on equivalent response model are obtained using simulated annealing algorithm.After optimization,the maximal acceleration of airborne vehicle landing reduces 19.83%,while the energy absorption by airbags increases7.85%.The performance of the airbags cushion system thus is largely improved through optimization,which indicates the proposed method has the capability of solving the parameter optimization problem of airbags cushion system for airborne vehicle.

Axial-grooved gas-lubricated journal bearings have been widely applied to precision instrument due to their high accuracy, low friction, low noise and high stability. The rotor system with axial-grooved gas-lubricated journal bearing support is a typical nonlinear dynamic system. The nonlinear analysis measures have to be adopted to analyze the behaviors of the axial-grooved gas-lubricated journal bearing-rotor nonlinear system as the linear analysis measures fail. The bifurcation and chaos of nonlinear rotor system with three axial-grooved gas-lubricated journal bearing support are investigated by nonlinear dynamics theory. A time-dependent mathematical model is established to describe the pressure distribution in the axial-grooved compressible gas-lubricated journal bearing. The time-dependent compressible gas-lubricated Reynolds equation is solved by the differential transformation method. The gyroscopic effect of the rotor supported by gas-lubricated journal bearing with three axial grooves is taken into consideration in the model of the system, and the dynamic equation of motion is calculated by the modified Wilson-θ-based method. To analyze the unbalanced responses of the rotor system supported by finite length gas-lubricated journal bearings, such as bifurcation and chaos, the bifurcation diagram, the orbit diagram, the Poincaré map, the time series and the frequency spectrum are employed. The numerical results reveal that the nonlinear gas film forces have a significant influence on the stability of rotor system and there are the rich nonlinear phenomena, such as the periodic, period-doubling, quasi-periodic, period-4 and chaotic motion, and so on. The proposed models and numerical results can provide a theoretical direction to the design of axial-grooved gas-lubricated journal bearing-rotor system.

The existing research of the active suspension system(ASS) mainly focuses on the different evaluation indexes and control strategies. Among the different components, the nonlinear characteristics of practical systems and control are usually not considered for vehicle lateral dynamics. But the vehicle model has some shortages on tyre model with side-slip angle, road adhesion coefficient, vertical load and velocity. In this paper, the nonlinear dynamic model of lateral system is considered and also the adaptive neural network of tire is introduced. By nonlinear analysis methods, such as the bifurcation diagram and Lyapunov exponent, it has shown that the lateral dynamics exhibits complicated motions with the forward speed. Then, a fuzzy control method is applied to the lateral system aiming to convert chaos into periodic motion using the linear-state feedback of an available lateral force with changing tire load. Finally, the rapid control prototyping is built to conduct the real vehicle test. By comparison of time response diagram, phase portraits and Lyapunov exponents at different work conditions, the results on step input and S-shaped road indicate that the slip angle and yaw velocity of lateral dynamics enter into stable domain and the results of test are consistent to the simulation and verified the correctness of simulation. And the Lyapunov exponents of the closed-loop system are becoming from positive to negative. This research proposes a fuzzy control method which has sufficient suppress chaotic motions as an effective active suspension system.

The existing research of the integrated chassis control mainly focuses on the different evaluation indexes and control strategy. Among the different evaluation indexes, the comprehensive properties are usually not considered based on the non-linear superposition principle. But, the control strategy has some shortages on tyre model with side-slip angle, road adhesion coefficient, vertical load and velocity. In this paper, based on belief, desire and intention(BDI)-agent model framework, the TYRE agent, electric power steering(EPS) agent and active suspension system(ASS) agent are proposed. In the system(SYS) agent, the coordination mechanism is employed to manage interdependences and conflicts among other agents, so as to improve the flexibility, adaptability, and robustness of the global control system. Due to the existence of the simulation demand of dynamic performance, the vehicle multi-body dynamics model is established by SIMPACK. And then the co-simulation analysis is conducted to evaluate the proposed multi-agent system(MAS) controller. The simulation results demonstrate that the MAS has good effect on the performance of EPS and ASS. Meantime, the better road feeling for the driver is provided considering the multiple and complex driving traffic. Finally, the MAS rapid control prototyping is built to conduct the real vehicle test. The test results are consistent to the simulation results, which verifies the correctness of simulation. The proposed research ensures the driving safety, enhances the handling stability, and improves the ride comfort.

Most researches focused on the analytical stabilized algorithm for the modular simulation of single domain,e.g.,pure mechanical systems.Only little work has been performed on the problem of multi-domain simulation stability influenced by algebraic loops.In this paper,the algebraic loop problem is studied by a composite simulation method to reveal the internal relationship between simulation stability and system topologies and simulation unit models.A stability criterion of multi-domain composite simulation is established,and two algebraic loop compensation algorithms are proposed using numerical iteration and approximate function in multi-domain simulation.The numerical stabilized algorithm is the Newton method for the solution of the set of nonlinear equations,and it is used here in simulation of the system composed of mechanical system and hydraulic system.The approximate stabilized algorithm is the construction of response surface for inputs and outputs of unknown unit model,and it is utilized here in simulation of the system composed of forging system,mechanical and hydraulic system.The effectiveness of the algorithms is verified by a case study of multi-domain simulation for forging system composed of thermoplastic deformation of workpieces,mechanical system and hydraulic system of a manipulator.The system dynamics simulation results show that curves of motion and force are continuous and convergent.This paper presents two algorithms,which are applied to virtual reality simulation of forging process in a simulation platform for a manipulator,and play a key role in simulation efficiency and stability.

Because the deployable structures are complex multi-loop structures and methods of derivation which lead to simpler kinematic and dynamic equations of motion are the subject of research effort, the kinematics and dynamics of deployable structures with scissor-like-elements are presented based on screw theory and the principle of virtual work respectively. According to the geometric characteristic of the deployable structure examined, the basic structural unit is the common scissor-like-element(SLE). First, a spatial deployable structure, comprised of three SLEs, is defined, and the constraint topology graph is obtained. The equations of motion are then derived based on screw theory and the geometric nature of scissor elements. Second, to develop the dynamics of the whole deployable structure, the local coordinates of the SLEs and the Jacobian matrices of the center of mass of the deployable structure are derived. Then, the equivalent forces are assembled and added in the equations of motion based on the principle of virtual work. Finally, dynamic behavior and unfolded process of the deployable structure are simulated. Its figures of velocity, acceleration and input torque are obtained based on the simulate results. Screw theory not only provides an efficient solution formulation and theory guidance for complex multi-closed loop deployable structures, but also extends the method to solve dynamics of deployable structures. As an efficient mathematical tool, the simper equations of motion are derived based on screw theory.

In piezoceramic ultrasonic devices,the piezoceramic stacks may fail permanently or function improperly if their working temperatures overstep the Curie temperature of the piezoceramic material.While the end of the horn usually serves near the melting point of the molten metal and is enclosed in an airtight chamber,so that it is difficult to experimentally measure the temperature of the transducer and its variation with time,which bring heavy difficulty to the design of the ultrasonic molten metal treatment system.To find a way out,conjugate heat transfer analysis of an ultrasonic molten metal treatment system is performed with coupled fluid and heat transfer finite element method.In modeling of the system,the RNG model and the SIMPLE algorithm are adopted for turbulence and nonlinear coupling between the momentum equation and the energy equation.Forced air cooling as well as natural air cooling is analyzed to compare the difference of temperature evolution.Numerical results show that,after about 350 s of working time,temperatures in the surface of the ceramic stacks in forced air cooling drop about 7 K compared with that in natural cooling.At 240 s,The molten metal surface emits heat radiation with a maximum rate of about 19 036 W/m2,while the heat insulation disc absorbs heat radiation at a maximum rate of about 7922 W/m2,which indicates the effectiveness of heat insulation of the asbestos pad.Transient heat transfer film coefficient and its distribution,which are difficult to be measured experimentally are also obtained through numerical simulation.At 240 s,the heat transfer film coefficient in the surface of the transducer ranges from–17.86 to 20.17 W/(m2?K).Compared with the trial and error method based on the test,the proposed research provides a more effective way in the design and analysis of the temperature control of the molten metal treatment system.

A root hinge drive assembly is preferred in place of the classical viscous damper in a large solar array system.It has advantages including better deployment control and higher reliability.But the traditional single degree of freedom model should be improved.A multiple degrees of freedom dynamics model is presented for the solar arrays deployment to guide the drive assembly design.The established model includes the functions of the torsion springs,the synchronization mechanism and the lock-up impact.A numerical computation method is proposed to solve the dynamics coupling problem.Then considering the drive torque requirement calculated by the proposed model,a root hinge drive assembly is developed based on the reliability engineering design methods,and dual actuators are used as a redundancy design.Pseudo-efficiency is introduced and the major factors influencing the(pseudo-)efficiency of the gear mechanism designed with high reduction ratio are studied for further test data analysis.A ground prototype deployment test is conducted to verify the capacity of the drive assembly.The test device consists of a large-area solar array system and a root hinge drive assembly.The RHDA development time is about 43 s.The theoretical drive torque is compared with the test values which are obtained according to the current data and the reduction efficiency analysis,and the results show that the presented model and the calibration methods are proper enough.

Direct drive servovalves are mostly restricted to low flow rate and low bandwidth applications due to the considerable flow forces.Current studies mainly focus on enhancing the driving force,which in turn is limited to the development of the magnetic material.Aiming at reducing the flow forces,a novel rotary direct drive servovalve(RDDV)is introduced in this paper.This RDDV servovalve is designed in a rotating structure and its axially symmetric spool rotates within a certain angle range in the valve chamber.The servovalve orifices are formed by the matching between the square wave shaped land on the spool and the rectangular ports on the sleeve.In order to study the RDDV servovalve performance,flow rate model and mechanical model are established,wherein flow rates and flow induced torques at different spool rotation angles or spool radiuses are obtained.The model analysis shows that the driving torque can be alleviated due to the proposed valve structure.Computational fluid dynamics(CFD)analysis using ANSYS/FLUENT is applied to evaluate and validate the theoretical analysis.In addition,experiments on the flow rate and the mechanical characteristic of the RDDV servovalve are carried out.Both simulation and experimental results conform to the results of the theoretical model analysis,which proves that this novel and innovative structure for direct drive servovalves can reduce the flow force on the spool and improve valve frequency response characteristics.This research proposes a novel rotary direct drive servovalve,which can reduce the flow forces effectively.