科创中国

Many attentions for structural synthesis are paid to planar linkages and parallel mechanisms, while design novel pyramid deployable truss structure(PDTS) of satellite SAR mainly depends on experience of designer. To design novel configuration of PDTS, a two-step topology structure synthesis and analysis approach is proposed. Firstly, a conceptual configuration of PDTS is synthesized. Weighted graph and weighted adjacency matrix are established to realize topological description for PDTS. Graph properties are then summarized to distinguish differentia between PDTS and other type structures. According to graph properties, a procedure for synthesis conceptual configuration of PDTS is presented. Secondly, join relationship of components in a PDTS is analyzed. Kinematic chain and corresponding incidence/adjacency matrix are employed to analyze join relationship of PDTS. Properties and simplified rules of kinematic chain are extracted to construct kinematic chain. A procedure for construction kinematic chain of PDTS is then established. Finally, with this two-step approach all 11 rectangular pyramid deployable structures whose folded state is planar are discovered and their kinematic chains are constructed. Based on synthesis results, a novel deployable support structure for satellite SAR is designed. The proposed research can be applied to obtain some novel PDTSs, which is of great importance to design some novel deployable support structures for satellite SAR antenna.

水平衡测试是加强用水科学管理,最大限度地节约用水与合理用水的一项基础工作.解释了水平衡测试的定义及开展测试工作的依据,分析了水平衡测试参数之间关系,介绍了水平衡测试的方法,结合承德市中心医院水平衡测试实例,分析其用水现状,为制定用水定额和计划用水量指标,提供了较准确的基础数据,为今后节约用水提出了合理化的建议.

应用粒子图像测速技术(PIV)对膜蒸馏系统热容腔结构参数影响近膜面处的流动情况进行正交试验,考察喷管前端距膜面的距离δ和喷管中心线与热容腔径向夹角β对流场的影响.试验结果表明,合理布置热容腔的结构参数组合可以使膜面冲刷速度增大,对膜面的有效冲刷面积也增大,更好的破坏温度极化和浓度极化,使系统的膜通量增加.对于试验中采用的膜蒸馏系统,最优的结构参数组合是第32组试验,δ1、δ2、δ3,β1、β2、β3的取值分别为4 mm、3mm、4 mm,50°、35°、25°.流量也是试验中一个重要的影响因素,随着流量的增加,膜面处切向速度增大,对膜面的作用力增大,但是在增大系统流量提高切向冲刷速度的同时,应该考虑膜的机械强度.试验为膜蒸馏系统内部流动的深入研究提供了试验数据和测试经验,可为膜蒸馏系统结构设计的改进和膜蒸馏系统效率的提高提供了参考.

Eddy current pulsed thermography(ECPT) is an emerging Non-destructive testing and evaluation(NDT & E) technique, which uses hybrid eddy current and thermography NDT & E techniques that enhances the detectability from their compensation. Currently, this technique is limited by the manual selection of proper contrast frames and the issue of improving the efficiency of defect detection of complex structure samples remains a challenge. In order to select a specific frame from transient thermal image sequences to maximize the contrast of thermal variation and defect pattern from complex structure samples, an energy driven approach to compute the coefficient energy of wavelet transform is proposed which has the potential of automatically selecting both optimal transient frame and spatial scale for defect detection using ECPT. According to analysis of the variation of different frequency component and the comparison study of the detection performance of different scale and wavelets, the frame at the end of heating phase is automatically selected as an optimal transient frame for defect detection. In addition, the detection capabilities of the complex structure samples can be enhanced through proper spatial scale and wavelet selection. The proposed method has successfully been applied to low speed impact damage detection of carbon fibre reinforced polymer(CFRP) composite as well as providing the guidance to improve the detectability of ECPT technique.

利用衡水市1956年-2010年降水量资料,分析该区域降水量变化情况.采用数理统计法、PCI法对降水量的年内变化与年际变化进行分析,年内降水比较集中,季节分配不均匀,80%左右的降水量集中在夏季汛期,年际变化大,极值比为3.45.采用Mann-Kendall非秩次相关检验法、线性回归法对降水量序列进行趋势分析,降水量呈递减趋势,平均每年递减2.0mm,但没有出现明显的突变.采用距平分析和模比系数差积曲线法对降水量进行了阶段性分析,降水系列包括一个丰枯周期,大约为50年左右.采用自相关分析法对降水量系列进行随机成分分析,降水量系列的独立性强,相依性很弱.

以海河流域龙门水库以上流域为研究对象,在对流域下垫面条件进行调查分析的基础上,分析了下垫面条件对流域产汇流特征变化的影响,龙门以上流域降雨产汇流规律在1980年左右发生明显变化,龙门以上流域的土壤含水量消退系数1980年均值为0.91,1980年后均值为0.94,1980年均值后较1980年前均值略增3.3%.对流域下垫面条件变化影响下的洪水变化规律进行了分析和探讨,为流域洪水系列一致性修正奠定了基础,为流域防洪规划和管理提供了技术支撑,为洪水预报方案编制提供了第一手资料.