科创中国

目的 探讨高频彩色多普勒超声对乳腺髓样癌的诊断价值,分析超声误诊原因.方法 回顾性分析经手术病理证实的26例乳腺髓样癌的超声表现,归纳其声像图特征,总结导致误诊的原因.结果 乳腺髓样癌具有特征性声像图表现,包括边界清楚但无包膜、形态尚规则、内部回声低而后方回声增强、血供丰富等.超声诊断符合率81% (21/26),19%(5/26)误诊为纤维腺瘤.结论 高频彩色多普勒超声对乳腺髓样癌诊断符合率较高,分析其误诊原因有利于进一步提高对本病声像图特征的认识,减少误诊.

Objective To detect the cell viability and the expressions of stem cell surface markers after chemotherapeutic drug treatment.Methods We observed the cytotoxic effects of three chemotherapeutic agents[epirubicin(Epi),fluorouracil(5-FU)and cyclophosphamide(Cyc)]in three cell lines,and the cell viabilities after removed these chemotherapeutic agents.Expressions of stem cell surface markers CD44,CD24,CD90,CD14 and aldehyde dehydrogenase1(ALDH1)in breast cancer cells were analyzed by real-time PCR.The post hoc analysis(Tukey's tests)in conjunction with one-way ANOVA was used for statistical analysis.Results The initial cytotoxic efficacy was most notable.After the treatment of the same therapeutic agents,cell viability was decreased by 64.8%35.14%,32.25%in BT-483 cells,66.4%,22.94%and 45.88%in MDA-MB-231 cells,97.1%,99.5%and 76.4%in MCF cells.The difference was significant compared with that before treatment(P=0.000).However,the inhibitory effects were diminished after chemotherapeutic agent withdrawal.Cell viabilities were increased to 167.9%,212.04%and 188.66%in MDA-MB-231 cells at48 h after withdrawal.At 72 h after withdrawal,cell viability was increased with a significant difference in three cell lines(all P values=0.000).Expressions of CD44 and ALDH1 were most prevalent for MDA-MB-231,BT-483 and MCF-7 cells.ALDH1 mRNA level was significant higher in BT-483(HER-2 overexpression cell line)than MDA-MB-231(triple negative cell line)(P=0.012).CD14 mRNA level in MCF-7 cells were significantly lower than that in MDA-MB-231 and BT-483(P=0.003,0.001).BT-483 showed significantly higher level of CD44 than MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cell line(P=0.013,0.020),and no significant difference was detected between MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 breast cancer cells(P=0.955).CD90 mRNA expressions were detected in MDA-MB-231 cells and MCF-7 cells,but not in BT-483 cells.Conclusion Some malignant cells could survive in vitro and begin to proliferate again between cycles of chemotherapy.

目的研究fascaplysin对ICR小鼠S180移植瘤生长的体内抑制作用,并初步探讨fascaplysin在体内抑瘤的分子机制.方法皮下注射技术建立荷S180骨肉瘤的ICR小鼠为实体瘤动物模型,然后将其分为4组:即空白对照组(注射生理盐水)、阳性对照组[CTX,30mg/(kg·d)]、fascaplysin高剂量组[20mg/(kg·d)]和fascaplysin低剂量组[5mg/(kg·d)],处理10天后,利用电镜分析各组小鼠移植瘤细胞的变化,应用免疫组化技术检测相应组织PCNA、CD31表达情况.结果电镜结果显示肿瘤组织细胞出现凋亡现象.PCNA结果发现,fascaplysin治疗组与空白对照组相比差异极显著(P〈0.01),高、低剂量组之间差异显著(P〈0.05),具有一定程度的剂量一效应依赖性.MVD结果:与空白对照组相比,fascaplysin各剂量组肿瘤组织内MVD均明显减少(P〈0.01).结论Fascaplysin治疗能诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡,减少肿瘤组织PCNA的表达,降低肿瘤的增殖活性.减少肿瘤组织微血管的密度,抑制肿瘤血管的新生.提示fascaplysin在体内具有良好的抗肿瘤作用.

目的 探讨miR-21在大肠癌细胞迁移和侵袭中的作用及机制.方法 取大肠癌SW480细胞培养、传代,分为两组.观察组转染miR-21 mimics,对照组加入同浓度的miRNA mimics negative control.采用实时荧光定量PCR法检测细胞中miR-21的表达情况,采用Transwell小室检测细胞的迁移和侵袭能力,Western blot法检测上皮一间质转化(EMT)相关蛋白表达情况.结果 转染组miR-21的表达量、细胞的迁移和侵袭能力均明显高于对照组(P均<0.05);细胞中紧密连接蛋白(ZO-1)和上皮钙黏蛋白(E-cad)的表达明显降低、神经钙黏蛋白(N-cad)和转录因子Slug的表达明显升高,第10号染色体同源缺失性磷酸酶-张力蛋白(PTEN)表达明显降低、而磷酸化蛋白激酶B(p-Akt)表达明显升高(P均<0.05).结论 miR-21可促进人大肠癌细胞发生EMT发生细胞迁移和侵袭,其机制为下调PTEN蛋白表达、激活P13K/Akt,促进EMT.

目的探讨白细胞介素-10(IL-10)对肿瘤坏死因子-a(TNF-a)诱导的人肝星状细胞(HSC)激活的抑制作用.方法使用10ng/mlTNF-a刺激体外培养的HSC,建立HSC激活模型,给予HSC激活模型不同浓度IL.10(2、10、20ng/ml)作用不同时间(1、2、24、48、72、96h)后,油红O染色观察细胞脂肪含量,分别用Westernblot和RT-PCR检测a-平滑肌肌动蛋白(a-SMA)和单核细胞趋化蛋白-1(MCP-1)表达水平.结果TNF-a刺激后,HSC脂肪含量显著减少,a-SMA和MCP-1表达量水平均随时间延长而升高(P〈0.05).联合使用IL-10,a-SMA水平显著下降(P〈0.05),且具有浓度依赖性(P〈0.05),MCP-1水平亦下降(P〈0.05).结论IL-10可以抑制由TNF-a诱导的HSC激活,在肝脏早期炎症和肝纤维化进程中起保护作用.