科创中国

目的:探讨2型糖尿病肾病(diabetic nephropathy,DN)患者外周血单核细胞Toll样受体4(toll-likereceptor,TLR4)的表达及脂多糖(1ipopolysaccharide,LPS)对其的影响,以了解炎症性免疫反应在DN中的可能作用机制.方法:收集30例2型DN尿毒症患者,10例早期2型DN患者和20例健康志愿者.采用外周血流式细胞术检测单核细胞TLR4的表达,并分离其外周血单个核细胞(PBMC),用LPS干预24h,收集PBMC和上清液.分别采用Western印迹检测PBMC内TLR4,NF-κBp65和Notchl蛋白表达;免疫荧光检测NF-κBp65蛋白表达.ELISA法检测外周血血清及LPS干预后细胞上清液IL-6浓度.免疫比浊法检测血清CRP水平.结果:2型DN患者外周血单核细胞的TLR4荧光强度值、IL-6和CRP水平均高于正常对照组[TLR4荧光强度值:2型DN尿毒症患者2.8±0.9、早期2型DN患者3.4±0.7、正常对照组1.6±0.7;IL-6:2型DN尿毒症患者(84.8±20.7)pg/mL、早期2型DN患者(63.20±14.4)pg/mL、正常对照组(11.0±2.0)pg/mL;CRP:2型DN尿毒症患者(5.4±2.8)mg/L;早期2型DN患者(3.7±1.7)mg/L、正常对照组(1.7±-0.7)mg/L,均P〈0.01],LPS干预后2型DN患者PBMC的TLR4,NF-κBP65蛋白表达和IL-6水平明显高于正常对照组(P〈0.05),早期2型DN患者PBMC以上指标水平均高于DN尿毒症患者,且2型DN患者NF-κBp65的表达存在核转移现象,但与正常对照组比较Notchl蛋白表达水平差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05).结论:DN患者体内可能存在单核细胞功能紊乱,这种功能紊乱可能与TLR4/NF-κB信号通路的激活有关,与Notchl信号通路无关.

Layered organic-inorganic hybrids containing bilayer perovsikte (R-NH3)2(CH3NH3)Pb2I7 (where R=C12H25,C6H5C2H4) were synthesized by reactions in solution. The influences of the solvents and the reactant ratio on the structures of the products were investigated. The structures and the properties of the hybrids were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and ultraviolet and visible (UV) adsorption spectra. For comparing with the bilayer perovskite hybrids in structure and band gap magnitude, the hybrids containing monolayer perovskite (R-NH3)2PbI4 were also synthesized and characterized. The results demonstrate that the thickness of inorganic layer has obvious effect on the tunneling magnitude of the band gap but the organic part can be micro actuator of band gap.

Dual mechanical port machine(DMPM), as a novel electromechanical energy conversion device, has attracted widespread attention. DMPM with spoke type permanent magnet arrangements(STPM-DMPM), which is one of several types of DMPM, has been of interest recently. The unique coupling characteristics of STPM-DMPM are beneficial to improving system performance, but these same characteristics increase the difficulties of control. Now there has been little research about the control of STPM-DMPM, and this has hindered its practical application. Based on a mathematical model of STPM-DMPM, the coupling characteristics and the merits and demerits of such devices are analyzed as applied to a hybrid system. The control strategies for improving the disadvantages and for utilizing the advantage of coupling are researched. In order to weaken the interaction effect of torque outputs in the inner motor and the outer motor that results from coupling in STPM-DMPM, a decoupling control method based on equivalent current control is proposed, and independent torque control for the inner motor and outer motor is achieved. In order to solve address the problem of adequately utilization of coupling, minimizing the overall copper loss of the inner motor and the outer motor of STPM-DMPM is taken as the optimization objective for optimal control, and the purpose of utilizing the coupling adequately and reasonably is achieved. The verification tests of the proposed decoupling control and optimal control strategies are carried out on a prototype STPM-DMPM, and the experimental results show that the interaction effect of torque outputs in the inner motor and the outer motor can be markedly weakened through use of the control method. The overall copper loss of the inner motor and the outer motor can be markedly reduced through use of the optimal control method, while the power output remains unchanged. A breakthrough in the control problem of STPM-DMPM is accomplished by combining the control methods. Good performance in the control of STPM-DMPM will enhance its practicality, particularly as applied to hybrid systems.

目的 了解妊娠期糖尿病孕妇产后随访率,并分析影响妊娠期糖尿病孕妇产后随访率的影响因素.方法 选取北京市某医院285例妊娠期糖尿病孕妇,通过问卷凋查及访谈收集患者的一般资料、孕期临床资料、产后随访的知晓情况及随访态度.结果 285例妊娠期糖尿病孕妇产后6~8周随访率为62.11%.年龄、文化程度、家庭月收入、诊断妊娠期糖尿病时2h血糖、剖宫产、是否知道产后随访的意义、对随访的态度是影响妊娠期糖尿病孕妇产后随访率的主要影响因素.结论 妊娠期糖尿病孕妇的随访率仍有待提高,应重视医务人员对其的作用,可以采取多种形式加强产后随访相关知识及重要性的宣传教育,尤其应关注年龄较轻、文化水平较低、家庭收入较低、无糖尿病家族史、孕期病情较轻的妊娠期糖尿病孕妇.

The identification of maximum road friction coefficient and optimal slip ratio is crucial to vehicle dynamics and control.However,it is always not easy to identify the maximum road friction coefficient with high robustness and good adaptability to various vehicle operating conditions.The existing investigations on robust identification of maximum road friction coefficient are unsatisfactory.In this paper,an identification approach based on road type recognition is proposed for the robust identification of maximum road friction coefficient and optimal slip ratio.The instantaneous road friction coefficient is estimated through the recursive least square with a forgetting factor method based on the single wheel model,and the estimated road friction coefficient and slip ratio are grouped in a set of samples in a small time interval before the current time,which are updated with time progressing.The current road type is recognized by comparing the samples of the estimated road friction coefficient with the standard road friction coefficient of each typical road,and the minimum statistical error is used as the recognition principle to improve identification robustness.Once the road type is recognized,the maximum road friction coefficient and optimal slip ratio are determined.The numerical simulation tests are conducted on two typical road friction conditions(single-friction and joint-friction)by using CarSim software.The test results show that there is little identification error between the identified maximum road friction coefficient and the pre-set value in CarSim.The proposed identification method has good robustness performance to external disturbances and good adaptability to various vehicle operating conditions and road variations,and the identification results can be used for the adjustment of vehicle active safety control strategies.

通过模拟水管式沉降仪埋设安装条件,按照监测规范及相关技术要求,结合水管式沉降仪测值计算及修正原理,对糯扎渡水电站水管式沉降仪模拟实验场地布置、材料要求、安装及坝料回填过程进行实验.监测数据结果表明,实验测点最大沉降分别为145 mm和37 mm,水管式沉降仪器整体测值稳定,波动变化较小,对于在糯扎渡高土石坝具有良好的适用性.

CO2腐蚀是威胁油气开采过程中井下管柱服役安全的重要因素.本工作采用高温高压腐蚀模拟试验,研究了CO2分压对N80钢CO2腐蚀行为的影响.结果表明,在CO2腐蚀较为敏感的80℃时,N80钢腐蚀速率随CO2分压升高而上升,腐蚀类型与腐蚀产物膜形貌随CO2分压增加而变化,在相对低CO2分压下以全面腐蚀为主,高CO2分压下腐蚀类型由全面腐蚀转变为局部腐蚀.腐蚀产物膜的局部损伤是导致金属基体表面局部腐蚀的重要诱因.

目的 探讨缺氧诱导因子-2α(hypoxia-inducible factors-2α,HIF-2α)siRNA对乳腺癌细胞MCF-7增殖能力的影响及相关机制.方法 采用CoCl2处理细胞,建立细胞缺氧模型,应用RNA干扰技术沉默MCF-7细胞中HIF-2α的表达;运用RT-PCR技术检测转染后MCF-7细胞中HIF-2α mRNA的表达;绘制细胞生长曲线,观察细胞生长速度和倍增时间;通过流式细胞术观察细胞周期分布的改变;采用RT-PCR技术检测增殖相关基因的表达.结果 细胞缺氧模型建立成功.RNA干扰结果显示:缺氧+siRNA组HIF-2α mRNA的表达与单纯缺氧组相比明显降低(P<0.05);细胞生长曲线结果显示:缺氧+siRNA组与单纯缺氧组相比,细胞生长速度明显减慢,倍增时间显著延长(P均<0.05);细胞周期结果显示:缺氧+siRNA组与单纯缺氧组相比,S期和G2/M期细胞比例显著减少(P<0.05);RT-PCR结果显示:缺氧+siRNA组与单纯缺氧组相比,p21基因表达上调(P<0.05),Cyclin B基因表达下调(P<0.05).结论 HIF-2α siRNA可抑制乳腺癌MCF-7细胞增殖能力,可能与p21基因表达上调、Cyclin B基因表达下调有关.

目的:研究口服玫瑰茄水提取物对大鼠肾Na+-K+-ATP酶和Ca2+- Mg2+-ATP酶活性的影响.方法:连续28 d分别给予实验大鼠口服25和50 mg/kg的玫瑰茄水提物,同时给予对照组大鼠灌胃适当剂量的蒸馏水.用光谱测定法分析大鼠肾脏中Na+-K+-ATP酶和Ca2+ -Mg2+-ATP酶的活性.结果:口服25和50 mg/kg的玫瑰茄提取物后,实验组大鼠肾Ca2+-Mg2+-ATP酶活性显著降低(P<0.05),然而肾Na+ -K+ -ATP酶的活性却未受到任何影响.实验组大鼠体质量、肾脏质量,血浆白蛋白和总蛋白浓度,碱性磷酸酶、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶、丙氨酸氨基转移酶活性以及血浆钠、钾、钙离子的浓度与对照组大鼠相比无明显变化;但大鼠的肌酐以及尿素水平均在服用50 mg/kg的玫瑰茄提取物后明显降低(P<0.05).结论:尽管口服玫瑰茄提取物会引起肾Ca2+-Mg2+-ATP酶活性的减弱,但同时可以起到保护肾脏功能的作用.

目的:检测两株人乳腺癌细胞BT474和BT474/siRNA HER-2微小RNA( miRNAs)的表达,初步筛选与HER-2相关差异性表达的miRNAs。方法用干扰RNA技术沉默人乳腺癌细胞株BT474中HER-2基因的表达,利用miRNA芯片技术比较两株细胞BT474和BT474/siRNA HER-2内miRNAs的表达。结果差异倍数>2且P<0.05,与HER-2相关的miRNAs有338个;其中110个miRNAs上调,228个miRNAs下调。结论用miRNA芯片技术可以筛选人乳腺癌BT474细胞在不同HER-2水平差异性表达的miRNAs,进一步分析筛选,有望在乳腺癌中寻找到与HER-2相关的miRNAs。