科创中国

目的 研究快速眼球运动睡眠行为障碍(RBD)与帕金森病(PD)的相关关系,并探讨伴有RBD的PD患者的临床特征.方法 选择我院106例PD患者,根据非运动症状问卷(NMS quest)第25项问答结果,将入选的84例患者分为RBD组(54例)和非RBD组(30例),采用统一PD评分量表(UPDRS)、Hoehn-Yahr(H-Y)分级比较两组患者的运动症状,选用NMS quest量表比较两组非运动症状发生情况,选用简易精神状态检查法(MMSE)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)、帕金森病睡眠量表(PDSS)和Epworth嗜睡量表(ESS)对两组患者的认知功能、焦虑和抑郁、睡眠障碍进行比较.结果 RBD组患者的病程[(3.7±1.3)年]显著短于非RBD组[(5.1±2.2)年](P < 0.05),RBD组与非RBD组运动症状比较差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05);RBD组的非运动症状(胃肠道功能、自主神经系统功能、精神和睡眠活动等)的发生率显著高于非RBD组(P < 0.05).结论 伴发RBD的PD患者的病程较短,非运动系统受累的临床症状更加广泛.

目的:动态监测及分析重症监护病房(ICU)谵妄患者睡眠特点和褪黑素水平的变化。方法采用前瞻性观察性研究方法,对2013年12月至2014年4月滨州医学院附属医院ICU住院超过72 h的患者采用ICU意识模糊评估法(CAM-ICU)进行评估,根据有无谵妄序贯收集患者并分为谵妄组及非谵妄组。入组后所有患者采用多导睡眠仪连续24 h动态监测睡眠状况;监测期间每4 h留取1次静脉血,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测血浆褪黑素水平。结果共收入ICU住院患者18例,其中谵妄患者9例。多导睡眠监测分析显示,所有患者均存在睡眠障碍,表现为快动眼期(REM期)睡眠减少〔为(5.91±5.26)%〕,觉醒频繁〔觉醒指数为(15.40±12.79)次/h〕,而3期睡眠处于低限水平〔为(14.67±11.10)%〕。与非谵妄组相比,谵妄组患者REM期缺失差异有统计学意义〔(0.10±0.20)%比(8.83±3.81)%,t=4.782,P=0.001〕。动态检测褪黑素的结果显示,所有患者褪黑素水平昼低夜高的分泌节律性均丧失,谵妄组与非谵妄组各时间点褪黑素水平差异无统计学意义(时间效应F=1.370、P=0.287,组间效应F=1.646、P=0.250,交互效应F=1.558、P=0.247)。谵妄组褪黑素水平在06:00及14:00时出现两个高峰,分别为(137.84±62.21)ng/L和(148.24±58.87)ng/L,最低值出现在22:00,为(64.47±26.97)ng/L;而非谵妄组褪黑素峰浓度出现在02:00,为(63.52±39.75)ng/L,最低值出现在10:00,为(44.87±11.19)ng/L。结论 ICU患者存在睡眠障碍,谵妄患者REM期缺失较非谵妄患者明显。ICU患者褪黑素分泌均失去正常昼低夜高的节律性变化,谵妄患者褪黑素峰值移至日间出现。

目的:验证不寐中医临床路径,观察不寐诊疗方案治疗失眠症的疗效.方法:根据临床路径,筛选入组的患者按照不寐诊疗方案治疗后进行疗效评价及可行性评价.结果:进入路径的35例患者全部采用中医辨证施治,使用中药饮片及中成药治疗,进入路径后无变异,患者满意度较好,路径规范,可操作.疗程结束后PSQI评分与治疗前比较,P

Despite?their?importance?to?conservation,?reintroductions?are?still?a?risky?endeavor?and?tend?to?fail,?highlighting?the?need?for?more?efficient?post-release?monitoring?techniques.?Reintroduced?animals?are?released?into?unfamiliar?novel?environ?ments?and?must?explore?their?surroundings?to?gain?knowledge?in?order?to?survive.?According?to?theory,?knowledge?gain?should?be?followed?by?subsequent?changes?to?the?animal's?movement?behavior,?making?movement?behavior?an?excellent?indicator?of?reintroduction?progress.?We?aim?to?conceptually?describe?a?logical?process?that?will?enable?the?inclusion?of?behavior?(in?particular,?movement?behavior)?in?management?decision-making?post-reintroductions,?and?to?do?so,?we?provide?four?basic?components?that?a?manager?should?look?for?in?the?behaviors?of?released?animals.?The?suggested?components?are?release-site?fidelity,?recurring?locations,?proximity?to?other?individuals,?and?individual?variation?in?movement?behavior.?These?components?are?by?no?means?the?only?possible?ones?available?to?a?manager,?but?they?provide?an?efficient?tool?to?understanding?animals'?decision-making?based?on?ecological?theory;?namely,?the?exploration-exploitation?trade-off?that?released?animals?go?through,?and?which?underlies?their?behavior.?We?demonstrate?our?conceptual?approach?using?data?from?two?ungulate?species?reintroduced?in?Israel:?the?Persian?fallow?deer?Dama?mesopotamica?and?the?Arabian?oryx?Oryx?leucoryx?[Current?Zoology?60?(4):?515-526,?2014]?.

脓毒症是一个对感染产生全身性、有害性反应的疾病,会导致器官功能障碍,是一种潜在性、致命行的疾病,它需要及时找出致病微生物并早期进行相应抗菌药物治疗.在以不进行血培养为基础的诊断方法中,一种基于DNA的检测方法-脓毒症快速检测法(SeptiFast,SF法)可加速进行细菌和真菌的DNA检测,但其敏感度差,成本高.本研究的目的:

"地球运动"是高中地理教学的重点之一,在教材中承上启下,是学生进一步学习所必备的基础性、前提性知识,并且,其在生产、生活中的应用也十分广泛.同时,高中学生由于逻辑思维正处于发展初期,分析和处理问题能力较弱,完全掌握和理解地球运动的相关内容仍有困难,因而它也是教学难点.就本节课的教学内容,许多教师的教学效果欠佳,部分学生的学习状况不尽如人意,究其原因,是没有在教与学之间搭建一些有效的支架,激发学生的求知欲,让学生的潜能得以发展.

Most seabird species display colonial behavior during the breeding period which implies that food resources around breeding sites can easily go depleted. Seabirds need to both reach profitable areas, which can be located far from the colony, and return to the colony regularly. In this context, flexibility in movement behavior may be crucial for breeding success. During chick-rearing, Procellariformes species can alternate short trips lasting 1-4 days for chick provisioning with longer trips for self-provisioning in what has been called a dual-foraging strategy. We analyzed foraging trips from 136 Scopoli's shearwaters from three Mediterranean colonies tracked with GPS during 6 chick-rearing seasons to assess whether the adoption of a dual fo- raging strategy depends on the quality of habitat surrounding the colony. We found a marked dual-foraging strategy only in birds from the Linosa colony which was the largest colony in terms of breeding pairs and was characterized by having a lower marine habitat quality. Birds from this colony performed foraging trips that extended up to 369 km from the nest and lasted more than 10 days. In general, the decision to perform long lasting trips was triggered by lower values of primary production and higher offspring weight. Contrary to expectation, the decision to feed far from the colony was not related to the parents' weight. At the same time, despite the higher productivity offered by distant areas, the higher proportion of long trips performed by birds breeding in poor areas was not sufficient to maintain the same body mass as the ones breeding in richer areas [Current Zoology 60 (5): 622-630, 2014].

良好的睡眠被认为具有恢复性的作用,能促进疾病康复和使人体生理功能更加旺盛[1].睡眠质量是影响肝硬化患者生活质量的重要因素,住院肝病患者较正常人更容易发生睡眠紊乱[2].本研究对住院肝硬化患者睡眠质量及影响因素进行调查分析,现报告如下.1资料与方法1.1调查对象:选取2011年1月-2013年3月在我院消化内科收治的确诊肝硬化(失代偿期)患者320例进行问卷调查,男性185例,女性135例;年龄