科创中国

学术论文作为记载和传承人类文明的载体,其表达的规范性是体现其学术质量的重要组成部分.结构严谨,层次清楚,用词准确,语言通顺,文风清新,表达规范,可读性强的论文,有利于学术信息的交流、传播、存储,是提高学术信息记录质量和促进其有效传播的可靠保证.

21世纪是质量的世纪,质量就是竞争力.在全球聚焦的气候变化、旅游危机事件、日益加剧的资源、环境和社会承载压力的大背景下,中国旅游面临的发展问题日益凸显.全面提升旅游业发展质量,已经成为新时期中国旅游发展的战略性要求.在文献回顾基础上,本文系统地辨析、梳理了旅游质量、旅游目的地发展质量、旅游业发展质量的概念内涵、要素体系构成及其评估管理的基本理论和模型,以期为中国旅游业发展质量提升提供启示和优化路径.文章提出旅游业发展质量是一个涉及到不同的空间尺度、不同的质量效应、不同的质量类型的复杂命题,很难采用完全量化的评价指标体系予以评估.认为旅游业发展质量是问题的表象,隐含背后的是"游赏理念"的缺乏."寓游赏于生活,寓游赏于旅行,寓游赏于管理,寓游赏于规划,寓游赏于研究",文章认为有必要重新认识"游赏理念"在人与社会中的人文意义,及其在旅游科学的基础意义.

The?ecological?consequences?of?climate?extreme?events?are?still?poorly?understood,?especially?those?related?to?cold?episodes.?Winter?cold?spells?might?imperil?the?energy?balance?of?small?passerines,?thus?compromising?their?survivorship.?Here?we?analyze?how?the?abundance?and?habitat?use?of?three?tree-gleaning?passerine?species?wintering?in?a?montane?oakwood?of?central?Spain?at?ca.?1,300?m?a.s.1,?was?influenced?by?the?cold?wave?that?hit?Europe?in?February?2012.?We?monitored?temperature,?wind?and?the?relative?abundance?of?great?tit?Parus?major,?blue?tit?Cyanistes?caeruleus?and?long-tailed?tit?Aegithalos?caudatus?in?15?plots?throughout?three?periods:?before,?during?and?after?the?cold?wave.?Our?results?clearly?rule?out?widespread?mortality?and?temporal?migration?of?the?studied?passerine?populations,?as?the?abundance?of?these?species?did?not?diminish?during?the?cold?wave.?Moreover,?the?species?usually?foraging?higher?in?the?tree?canopy?-and?thus?more?exposed?to?windmoved?to?the?less?windy?woodland?plots?(long-tailed?tit)?and?reduced?their?foraging?height?above?ground?during?the?cold?wave?(long-tailed?tit?and?blue?tit),?probably?to?mitigate?the?deleterious?effects?of?wind?chill.?Therefore,?these?forest?birds?were?able?to?cope?with?a?dry?cold?wave?that?was?statistically?extreme?in?terms?of?temperature?and?wind?chill,?according?to?the?historic?climate?records?of?the?region.?It?seems?that,?at?least?when?foraging?substrates?are?not?heavily?covered?by?snow?or?ice,?Mediterranean?birds?can?resist?an?extreme?cold?wave?[Current?Zoology?60?(4):?429-437,?2014].

为了杜绝部分司机在油罐车运输途中,私自从储油罐中卸油,以STC12C5A60S2单片机为核心,结合阀门开关监测、油量监测、SD卡录像等模块,开发了多功能、智能化的油罐车工况监测仪器.主要介绍了油罐车工况监测仪的硬件和软件设计.按该方案设计的监测仪已投入实际应用,实现了油罐车运输过程中违规卸油的监测和记录,以小票形式打印记录的参数.该监测仪具有良好的功能和性能,界面良好,工作稳定,记录参数稳定可靠,可以满足预期要求.

我国古代把掌管文字记录的专职人员通称为"史".甲骨文的"史"字为右手持物的人,至于所持为何物,则有许多不同的解释,或说是简策,或说是盛策之器,也有认为是笔.总之,这些解释尽管有异,但有一个共同点,便是都与文字和图书有关.王国维说"史"是专门保管、研究及写作的官吏,它的另一个名称是"作册",负责起草册命和记录宫廷中的重要事件、天子诸侯的言行和政府各机构的种种活动.

汽车行驶记录仪是对车辆行驶速度、时间、里程以及车辆行驶等相关状态信息进行记录、存储并可与其他设备进行通信的数字式电子记录装置。本文基于高效软硬件来构建能够满足更实用需求的汽车行驶记录仪。系统主控采用低功耗、高性能且集成ARM Cortex-M3内核的32位微处理器,其片上资源十分丰富、外围接口电路简单可靠,同时搭配主流外围电路模块,包括展现良好人机交互界面的 T FT 真彩触摸显示屏、GPS定位模块、测量行驶车速的传感器等;软件编程使用丰富的软件函数库以及能够高效管理多任务且免费开源的实时操作系统(RTOS)CooCox CoOS 。

Lesser kestrels Falco naumanni are migratory central-place foragers that breed in dynamic arable landscapes. After arriving from migration, kestrels have no knowledge of the distribution of crops, and consequently prey, around their colony. The energy demand of pairs increases as breeding season progresses, but at the same time prey abundance, and their knowledge on prey distribution, also increases. Wind can have a strong influence on flight cost and kestrels should try to reduce energy expendi- ture when possible. When prey abundance is low, kestrels have little knowledge of prey distribution, and pairs have no chicks, they could reduce foraging flight cost by leaving the colony with tailwinds. When prey is abundant, knowledge on prey distribu- tion has increased, and chick demand is high, kestrels should fly to the most favorable foraging patches. We analyzed foraging trips directions in a lesser kestrel colony along the breeding season and in relation to wind speed and direction. We recorded 664 foraging trips from 19 individuals using GPS-dataloggers. We found that outward flights direction changed from uniform to a concentrated distribution along the season, as prey abundance and individual experience increased. We also found a temporal trend in the angular difference between outward flights and wind directions, with low values early in the season and then increa- sing as expected, but again low values at the end, contrary to expectation. Results suggest changes in kestrels foraging strategy along the season in relation to wind. Kestrels depart more with tailwinds in exploratory flights early in the season, while there is a spurious coincidence in direction to preferred foraging patches and dominant wind direction at the end [Current Zoology 60 (5): 604-615, 2014].

步行虫(鞘翅目:步甲科)作为强劲的捕食者,对农业害虫和森林害虫的生态学控制起着举足轻重的作用.本文研究了伊朗中部伊斯法罕地区的有益步行虫,共收集确定了42个种与亚种,来自7个亚科Broscinae、Carabinae、Cicindelinae、Harpalinae、Nebriinae和Pterostichinae.这其中有6种是伊朗区系的新记录种,分别是Cephalota(Taenidia)circumdata cappadocica Franzen,Lophyridia concolor concolor Dejean,Loph yridia littoralis mandli Mandl,Ophonus(s.str.) cribricollis (Dejean),Pachycarus(Paramystropterus)bravi pennis Chaudoir和Cymindis(s.str.) scapularis Schaum.

自20世纪80年代以来,法国高等教育质量外部评估模式经历了确立、发展和完善三个阶段.每一次重大变革,法国都立法在先,同时评估主体由多主体转为单一主体,评估人员、标准呈现国际化,评估机构的运行模式趋向分化与整合,这些发展趋势值得我国思考与研究.

科学课上,孩子们通常都会有一本科学记录本.记录本的形式不尽相同,但大体上都要求学生记录下课程的要点,实验的过程、结论,以及课后需要完成的作业.这样的记录往往内容相近,更多地反映的是完整的科学概念、正确的实验步骤,看上去像是教科书的翻版,能体现教师的教学成果,却不能反映儿童在科学学习过程中每个个体独特的面貌.