科创中国

基于1994~2009年68个国家的年度数据构建Panel Data变截距固定效应模型,通过对资本流向和流动方式的进一步细分,来考察资本流动对不同发展水平国家经济增长的影响.结果显示:境外国际资本流入对转型国家经济增长的促进作用明显强于发达国家,对发展中国家经济效应不显著;国际资本流出仅对发达国家经济增长有显著的促进作用,对发展中国家和转型国家的经济效应均不显著.

Most researches on the static performance of stiffened panel joined by friction stir welding(FSW) mainly focus on the compression stability rather than shear stability. To evaluate the potential of FSW as a replacement for traditional rivet fastening for stiffened panel assembly in aviation application, finite element method(FEM) is applied to compare compression and shear stability performances of FSW stiffened panels with stability performances of riveted stiffened panels. FEMs of 2024-T3 aluminum alloy FSW and riveted stiffened panels are developed and nonlinear static analysis method is applied to obtain buckling pattern, buckling load and load carrying capability of each panel model. The accuracy of each FEM of FSW stiffened panel is evaluated by stability experiment of FSW stiffened panel specimens with identical geometry and boundary condition and the accuracy of each FEM of riveted stiffened panel is evaluated by semi-empirical calculation formulas. It is found that FEMs without considering weld-induced initial imperfections notably overestimate the static strengths of FSW stiffened panels. FEM results show that, buckling patterns of both FSW and riveted compression stiffened panels represent local buckling of plate between stiffeners. The initial buckling waves of FSW stiffened panel emerge uniformly in each plate between stiffeners while those of riveted panel mainly emerge in the mid-plate. Buckling patterns of both FSW and riveted shear stiffened panels represent local buckling of plate close to the loading corner. FEM results indicate that, shear buckling of FSW stiffened panel is less sensitive to the initial imperfections than compression buckling. Load carrying capability of FSW stiffened panel is less sensitive to the initial imperfections than initial buckling. It can be concluded that buckling loads of FSW panels are a bit lower than those of riveted panels whereas carrying capabilities of FSW panels are almost equivalent to those of riveted panels with identical geometries. Finite element method for simulating static performances of FSW and riveted stiffened panels is proposed and evaluated and some beneficial conclusions are obtained, which offer useful references for analysis and application of FSW to replace rivet fastening in aviation stiffened panel assembly.

In working state, the dynamic performance of dry gas seal, generated by the rotating end face with spiral grooves, is determined by the open force of gas film and leakage flow rate. Generally, the open force and the leakage flow rate can be obtained by finite element method, computational fluid dynamics method and experimental measurement method. However, it will take much time to carry out the above measurements and calculations. In this paper, the approximate model of parallel grooves based on the narrow groove theory is used to establish the dynamic equations of the gas film for the purpose of obtaining the dynamic parameters of gas film. The nonlinear differential equations of gas film model are solved by Runge-Kutta method and shooting method. The numerical values of the pressure profiles, leakage flux and opening force on the seal surface are integrated, and then compared to experimental data for the reliability of the numerical simulation. The results show that the numerical simulation curves are in good agreement with experimental values. Furthermore, the opening force and the leakage flux are proved to be strongly correlated with the operating parameters. Then, the function-coupling method is introduced to analyze the numerical results to obtain the correlation formulae of the opening force and leakage flux respectively with the operating parameters, i.e., the inlet pressure and the rotating speed. This study intends to provide an effective way to predict the aerodynamic performance for designing and optimizing the groove styles in dry gas seal rapidly and accurately.

介绍了一种适用于在强干扰、关键信号被无用信号淹没的情况下,实现高精度数据采集的系统.系统硬件上采用24位高精度A/D采集模拟信号,采用XILINX公司的FPGA作为主控制器;软件上通过从A/D读取数字化后的信号,再进行高阶FIR滤波,剔除了干扰信号.通过FIR滤波在数据采集系统中的运用,采集系统可以较传统数据系统有更高的采集精度和更强的抗干扰能力.

从图书馆科学数据服务的未来发展规划、角色定位、技术应用与合作、信息素养教育以及图书馆在数据服务领域的实践探索5个方面,概括e-science环境下国外图书馆科学数据服务的研究进展.这5个方面体现出在信息科研环境和科研方式日益转变的情况下,国外研究者对图书馆科学数据服务的新思考.

针对轨道车辆铝型材焊接接头缺乏标准化管理、重复建模等问题,设计开发了一个3D铝型材焊接接头库,实现了三维接头模型及其数据信息的有效管理.首先在Pro/E系统中创建了具有参数化功能的样板模型;然后利用MicrosoftAccess创建了数据库,用ADO数据库访问接口技术解决了与Pro/E系统之间的通信;最后在VisualC++编译环境下,调用Pro/Toolkit应用程序提供的相关函数,编制了菜单和用户操作界面.研究结果表明,该铝型材焊接接头库的建立方便了车体建模,还可以允许用户按需求扩展焊接接头库,实现了系列化设计,提高了设计效率.

提出了一种基于YCbCr色彩空间的亮度自适应的在线学习型肤色检测方法.在亮度自适应性方面,该方法通过考察肤色区域的颜色分量随亮度分量的变化规律,对传统的高斯模型进行了改进,同时提出了一种亮度自适应的阈值模型.在学习样本的选取方面,该方法利用人眼检测和基于结构的方法找出面部区域并以此作为肤色样本来计算模型参数.测试结果表明,该方法对光照变化及受试者肤色差异均有很好的鲁棒性,且在检测的正确率(Accuracy)和F1分数(F1-score)方面优于传统方法.

模型平台是模型的开发与运行环境,在模型平台中实现通用的公共数据管理,目的是把模型运行的数据支撑环境与面向具体应用的逻辑功能实现相分离,有利于模型的独立开发、维护与升级,有利于进一步提高模拟系统整体的灵活性和可拓展性.概括描述了模型平台中实体、编组、环境、事件等七大类公共数据及其特点,设计了公共数据的物理分区、物理存储结构和逻辑组织结构,为公共数据建立了基于改进型T-树的静态索引和基于二维数组的动态索引,分别给出了静态数据段、动态数据段和系统控制区的数据操作方法,为搭载于模型平台上各模型运行提供稳定可靠的公共数据管理支持.

从参数估计和模型改正两个方面来研究对流层对GNSS精密单点定位精度的影响.在参数估计方面,使用了Niell和Marini映射模型,分析了这两个映射模型对对流层延迟的影响;在模型改正方面,讨论了Sasstamonien模型和Sasstamonien模型分别与Niell、Marini映射模型的组合方式,比较了三种对流层延迟处理方法解算坐标的精度及收敛性,得出了在精密单点定位解算中减小对流层延迟误差的一种较好方案.

随着地铁站等大规模半封闭式交通枢纽的增加,其应急疏散问题受到了越来越多的关注.以社会力行人疏散仿真模型为基础,将毒气扩散模型添加到仿真环境中,改进原有的社会力模型,建立符合地铁站发生毒气恐怖事件时的行人应急疏散模型,称其为整合社会力模型.该模型在原有社会力模型中添加了行人之间的凝聚力和紧急情况时反映人心理的紧张因子,并与毒气扩散仿真环境进行整合,能较为真实的反应出突发事件发生前后人群疏散的整个过程.最后利用提出的新仿真模型模拟出地铁站突发毒气恐怖事件的背景下对乘客进行疏散的过程,指出及时发现毒气源、有效引导疏散的重要性.