科创中国

中国宏观经济数据表明,存货总投资对解释GDP波动具有非常重要的作用.进一步利用采购经理人指数(PMI)数据对产成品存货投资和原材料存货投资进行研究,本文发现前者具有逆周期性,而后者表现出顺周期性.本文构建了一个具有产成品和原材料两种存货的动态宏观模型.利用贝叶斯动态方法,对模型进行了整体估计.结果表明,模型动态很好地解释了数据中的经验事实;两类存货投资的周期性特征主要源于最终需求冲击,该结论印证了2008年金融危机中,需求大幅回落是造成中国经济波动的最主要因素.

Pneumatic actuators and electric actuators have almost been applied to all manufacturing industries.The two kinds of actuators can replace each other in most fields,such as the point to point transmission occasion and some rotating occasions.However,there are very few research results about the advantages and disadvantages of two kinds of actuators under the same working conditions so far.In this paper,a novel comprehensive assessment method,named as overall life cycle comprehensive assessment(OLCCA),is proposed for comparison and assessment of pneumatic and electric actuators.OLCCA contains mechanical properties evaluation(MPE),life cycle cost analysis based on users(LCCABOU)and life cycle environmental impact analysis(LCEIA)algorithm in order to solve three difficult problems:mechanical properties assessment,cost analysis and environmental impact assessment about actuators.The mechanical properties evaluation of actuators is a multi-objective optimization problem.The fuzzy data quantification and information entropy methods are combined to establish MPE algorithm of actuators.Two kinds of pneumatic actuators and electric actuators with similar bearing capacity and similar work stroke were taken for example to verify the correctness of MPE algorithm.The case study of MPE algorithm for actuators verified its correctness.LCCABOU for actuators is also set up.Considering cost complex structure of pneumatic actuators,public device cost even method(PDCEM)is firstly presented to solve cost division of public devices such as compressors,aftercooler,receivers,etc.LCCABOU method is also effective and verified by the three groups of pneumatic actuators and electric actuators.Finally,LCEIA model of actuators is established for the environmental impact assessment of actuators.LCEIA data collection method and model establishment procedure for actuators are also put forward.With Simapro 7,LCEIA comparison results of six actuators can be obtained:Fossil fuels are the major environmental factor of pneumatic and electric actuators;Environmental impact of electric actuator is large than one of pneumatic actuator under the similar mechanical properties and working conditions of pneumatic and electric actuators.The results are correct and correspond with the actual mechanical properties of actuators.This paper proposes a comprehensive evaluation method of the actuators,which can solve the critical problem that similar electromechanical products are very difficult to be compared with each other from the angle of performance,cost and environment impact.

从物流金融的发展现状及需求分析出发,研究了我国发展物流金融的意义,并在此基础上提出了我国物流金融发展中存在的问题及相应的解决对策,该研究旨在促进我国物流金融发展.

The competition of surface and subsurface crack initiation induced failure is critical to understand very high cycle fatigue(VHCF)behavior,which necessitates the elucidation of the underlying mechanisms for the transition of crack initiation from surface to interior defects.Crack initiation potential in materials containing defects is investigated numerically by focusing on defect types,size,shape,location,and residual stress influences.Results show that the crack initiation potency is higher in case of serious property mismatching between matrix and defects,and higher strength materials are more sensitive to soft inclusions(elastic modulus lower than the matrix).The stress localization around inclusions are correlated to interior crack initiation mechanisms in the VHCF regime such as inclusion-matrix debonding at soft inclusions and inclusion-cracking for hard inclusions(elastic modulus higher than the matrix).It is easier to emanate cracks from the subsurface pores with the depth 0.7 times as large as their diameter.There exists an inclusion size independent region for crack incubation,outside which crack initiation will transfer from the subsurface soft inclusion to the interior larger one.As for elliptical inclusions,reducing the short-axis length can decrease the crack nucleation potential and promote the interior crack formation,whereas the long-axis length controls the site of peak stress concentration.The compressive residual stress at surface is helpful to shift crack initiation from surface to interior inclusions.Some relaxation of residual stress can not change the inherent crack initiation from interior inclusions in the VHCF regime.The work reveals the crack initiation potential and the transition among various defects under the influences of both intrinsic and extrinsic factors in the VHCF regime,and is helpful to understand the failure mechanism of materials containing defects under long-term cyclic loadings.

针对传统图像阈值降噪不足,本文提出了无需对噪声方差进行评估的基于主分量分析(Principal Component Analysis,PCA)的第二代Curvelet变换的图像降噪算法,并利用Cycle Spinning技术进行优化.PCA对Curvelet域中的噪声能量进行估计以实现对放射状条纹以及伪吉布斯等不良现象能够有效抑制.仿真试验结果表明,利用本文提出的算法对含噪图像进行降噪,降噪后图像的峰值信噪比得到了显著提高,且视觉效果也得到了明显地改善.因此,本文算法在图像处理领域具有广阔的应用前景.

通过分析广西家电行业的库存管理技术现状及问题,将几种库存管理方法结合起来,再根据家电行业的特点建立变量订货模型.模型的建立主要解决货物订购时间、订购数量等方面的问题,从而最有效地进行库存管理,实现家电行业降低成本的目的.

通过对供应链金融的内涵以及功能进行简单的描述,对其潜在的风险进行总结,并且分析了目前广为流行的三种融资模式,以提高对供应链金融的认识,促进供应链金融的进一步发展.