科创中国

目的 分析性逆转综合征患者Y染色体性别决定因子(SRY)及AZF是否存在缺失并探讨其发生机制及导致不育的原因.方法 利用PCR方法对4例被确诊为性逆转综合征的男性不育患者进行Y染色体SRY因子及6个AzF位点(SY84,SY86,SY127,SY134,SY254及SY255)进行检测,利用化学发光法进行血清卵泡刺激素(FSH),黄体生成素(LH)及睾酮(T)的测定,利用彩色多普勒进行盆腔探查.结果4例性逆转综合征患者Y染色体SRY因子均存在,但其中2例6个AZF位点均缺失,1例SY127,SY134,SY254及SY255缺失,1例SY254及SY255缺失.血清中T水平降低,FSH和LH水平上升.盆腔彩色多普勒探查均见双侧睾丸小,前列腺和精囊腺发育不良,未见子宫及附件等女性内生殖器组织.结论 Y染色体SRY因子存在是该性逆转综合征患者表现为男性的原因,而性腺发育不良导致的睾丸功能低下及Y染色体AZF位点的缺失是导致其不育的原因.

讨论了一类出生和死亡都具有密度制约的不育单种群害鼠模型,得到了各平衡点存在及局部渐近稳定的条件,证明了各平衡点的全局渐近稳定性.最后利用数值模拟验证了所得结论,并进一步分析了密度制约因素和传染率对于平衡点的稳定性及种群规模的影响.

患者男性,33岁,因发现左侧乳腺肿块2年入院.实验室检查:催乳素48.19 ng/ml,孕酮1.0 ng/ml.乳房B超:左侧乳腺区探及一33 mm*15 mm大小低回声团(图1),肿瘤边界清楚,内部回声不均,内可见少许液性暗区.彩色多普勒超声(CDFI):团块内见少许点状血流信号.弹性图像(主要用于评价病变的质地)显示:病灶范围内绿色和蓝色所占比例相近(弹性评分为3分).遂于2012年11月13日行左侧乳腺肿块切除术,11月27日再次行左侧乳腺癌改良根治术.

目的 探讨SRY阳性的46,XX男性综合征患者的临床及细胞分子遗传学特征.方法 对其外周血淋巴细胞进行染色体核型分析;同时提取外周血基因组DNA,进行SRY基因检测,并以正常男性及女性作对照.结果 患者染色体核型为46,XX,SRY基因存在.结论 基因组中存在SRY基因可能与该例46,XX男性综合征患者为男性表型密切相关,对其进行检测有利于明确性反转综合征的临床诊断,通过染色体核型分析和分子遗传学检测,可为性发育异常患者明确病因,并为其治疗提供依据.

Life-history theory predicts that in hibemators age of maturation is related positively to body size and negatively to the duration of active season aboveground. Yellow souslik is a large-sized ground squirrel with long hibernation, which suggests late maturation. We used four-year field observations of marked individuals to determine the age of maturation in males through analysis of age-dependent variation in body size, mass, androgen status, timing of spring emergence, ranging patterns and social behavior during the mating season. Yearling males were smaller, lighter, had lower level of fecal testosterone, emerged later and had smaller home ranges than older males. Social activity and the number of females encountered did not differ between age classes. After the second hibernation none of the studied parameters varied with age. Cluster analysis revealed two behavioral tactics: "active" males (adults only) emerged earlier, ranged more widely, initiated more contacts, encountered more females and were heavier than "passive" males (both yearling and adult). Thus, males of S. fulvus reached adult size and matured after two hibernations, which is relatively fast for such a big species with short active period. Indirect evidence for copulations and high variation among yearlings in all parameters suggest that some of them might successfully compete with adults. Active tactic of wandering and searching for females is energetically costly, and probably only adult males in good physical condition can afford it, whereas passive tactic of residing is energy saving and good for adults in poor condition and for yearlings that are continuing to grow.

近年来我国男男性行为者(MSM)中HIV感染率呈上升趋势,其中人口流动被证明是HIV传播的重要因素.江苏省MSM人群中HIV感染近几年也迅速上升,常州地区也不能幸免.常州地处苏南,经济发达,交通便利,人口流动频

目的 比较阿立哌唑和奋乃静对首发精神分裂症认知功能的影响.方法 将符合入组标准的首发男性精神分裂症患者60例随机分为阿立哌唑组与奋乃静组,分别进行6周的系统治疗,采用简明精神病评定量表(BPRS)、简易智能状态检查量表(MMSE)进行测评其疗效和对认知功能的影响.结果 60例患者在6周治疗后BPRS总分明显下降(P<0.01),但2组之间的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).阿立哌唑组的MMSE总分明显高于奋乃静组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 阿立哌唑组对首发男性精神分裂症认知功能的影响明显好于奋乃静组.

While our understanding of male reproductive strategies is informed by extensive investigations into endocrine mechanisms, the proximate mechanisms by which females compete for mates and adjust reproduction to social environment remains enigmatic. We set out to uncover endocrine correlates of mate choice, social environment, and reproductive investment in female red-backed fairy-wrens Malurus melanocephalus. In this socially monogamous, yet highly sexually promiscuous species, females experience discrete variation in the phenotype of their mates, which vary in both plumage signals and level of paternal care, and in the composition of their breeding groups, which consist of either the pair alone or with an additional cooperative auxiliary; fe- male investment varies according to these social parameters. We found that androgen, estrogen, and glucorticoid levels varied with reproductive stage, with highest androgen and estrogen concentrations during nest construction and highest corticosterone concentrations during the pre-breeding stage. These stage-dependent patterns did not vary with male phenotype or auxiliary presence, though androgen levels during pre-breeding mate selection were lower in females obtaining red/black mates than those obtaining brown mates. We found no evidence that androgen, estrogen, or corticosterone levels during the fertile period were re- lated to extra-pair young (EPY) frequency. This study demonstrates clear changes in steroid levels with reproductive stage, though it found little support for variation with social environment. We suggest hormonal responsiveness to social factors may be physiologically constrained in ways that are bypassed through exogenous hormone manipulations.

Rosai-Doffman病(RDD)又名为窦组织细胞增生伴巨大淋巴结病(SHML),通常表现为巨大的、累及双侧的无痛性淋巴结肿大,约25%病例累及结外,而累及男性泌尿生殖道的极为罕见.作者报道2例RDD累及睾丸,同时复习其他睾丸及相关结构RDD病例(包括文献报道的4例及记录在SHML登记处的7例)的临床病理特点.13例中5例同时累及双侧睾丸,8例还累及淋巴结、肾、皮肤和肾上腺等其他部位.多数病例发生于中年人,1例发生于儿童.